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28 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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How much of the Earth is covered by water? |
Almost three-fourths (71%) |
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Who was the western world's first sea power? |
Egypt |
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What were the first Egyptian boats made of? |
Bundles of papyrus reeds. |
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In about 3,500 B.C. ,what did the Egyptians start using that made their boats go faster with less work? |
The cotton sail |
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What was the next great sea power? |
The Phoenicians (1,200 B.C.) |
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Why were the Phoenicians interested in ships? |
1. They had little land they could farm 2. They were on the sea coast 3. They had great Cedar Forests ( they used cedar to build ships). |
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What great city did the Phoenicians settle? |
Cartilage, across from Italy |
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What was the next great sea power after the Phoenicians? |
The Greeks. |
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What famous ship did they master? |
The trireme (meaning three oars) which half three levels of rowers |
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What was on the bow (front) of the trireme? |
A bronze point or 'ram' |
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What is a 'ram'? |
A long, sharp point used to tear a hole in another boat under the water line and sink it. |
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Why did the Greeks build triremes? |
The Greeks were being threatened by the most powerful empire in the world, Persia, and Persia had ships. |
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What were the two most powerful city-States in Greece at the time? |
Athens, noted for her politics and learning, and Sparta, noted for her tough, disciplined Army. |
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What important battle took place when the Persians first invaded Greece, and the Greeks, vastly outnumbered, attacked the Persian army at a dead run, sending them into confusion and finally defeating them? |
The Battle of Marathon |
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Who, the legend has it, ran 26 miles back to Athens with news of the Greek victory at Marathon? |
Pheidippides |
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Who ordered the second Persian invasion of Greece? |
King Xerxes |
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What battle took place when the huge Persian army reached a narrow pass between the mountains and the sea, and Spartan General Leonidas and his much smaller group of Greeks bravely held the pass until betrayed by a Greek informer? |
The Battle of Thermopylae |
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In what battle (one of the most important battles in human history) did the Greek triremes defeat a much larger fleet of Persian ships, ending Persia's attempt to conquer Greece? |
The Battle of Salamis (480 B.C.) |
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What was the next sea power after the Greeks? |
Rome |
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What did the Romans invent to take advantage of her skilled army? |
The Corvus, which was a wooden plank with a spike on the end that the Romans used to attach themselves to enemy ships and then board them. Once on board they would make short work of the enemy crew. |
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The Corvus was first used when Rome battled what city? |
Carthage |
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What did Rome's merchant fleet bring Rome (100 B.C.)? |
1. Grain from Egypt 2. Grain from Spain 3. Exotic animals from Africa |
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What did Rome's merchant ships look like? |
They were decorated with large swans. Some were huge and able to carry as many as 10,000 amphorae (pottery jugs with 2 handles for carrying liquids like wine or olive oil). |
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Who was shipwrecked in what was most likely a ship carrying grain from Egypt to Rome? |
The Apostle Paul |
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Who ruled the European seas from 800-1000 A.D.? |
The Vikings |
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What do you call her sleek, fast kingship used for raiding ( which might have a dragon head on its prow (front)? |
Drakkar |
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What do you call her shorter wider trading ship? |
Knarr |
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What was different about Viking ships? |
1. They had a strong keel (rib that runs all the way along the bottom of the boat). 2. They were shallow-bottomed so they could sail up rivers. 3. They were built of overlying wood planks (clinker-built) which made them very strong. 4. They had a flexible hull (the shell of the boat) that made them capable of sailing one of the most hazardous waterways in the world, the North Atlantic and reaching north America. Remember Leif?! |
