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29 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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A positively charged particle, indistinguishable from a helium atom nucleus and consisting of two protons and two neutrons
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Alpha Particle
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A high-speed electron or positron, especially one emitted in radioactive decay.
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Beta Particle
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a highly penetrating photon of high frequency, usu. 1019 Hz or more, emitted by an atomic nucleus.
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Gamma Particle
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the splitting of an atomic nucleus into approximately equal parts, either spontaneously or as a result of the impact of a particle usually with an associated release of energy
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Nuclear Fission
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a nuclear reaction in which nuclei combine to form more massive nuclei with the simultaneous release of energy
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Nuclear Fusion
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Spontaneous disintegration of a radionuclide accompanied by the emission of ionizing radiation in the form of alpha or beta particles or gamma rays.
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Radioactive Decay
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the time required for something to fall to half its initial value
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Half-Life
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The quantum of electromagnetic energy, regarded as a discrete particle having zero mass, no electric charge, and an indefinitely long lifetime
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Photon
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lens such that a beam of light passing through it is brought to a point or focus
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Convex Lens
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a lens such that a parallel beam of light passing through it is caused to diverge or spread out
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Concave Lens
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a transparent polygonal solid, often having triangular ends and rectangular sides, for dispersing light into a spectrum or for reflecting and deviating light
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Prism
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the process in which the waves of light or other electromagnetic radiation are restricted to certain directions of vibration
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Polarized Light
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Light in which the electric vector is oriented in a random
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Unpolarized Light
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the point at which rays converge after reflection by a concave mirror or refraction by a convex lens
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Focus
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Number of crests or troughs of a wave that pass a given point in a specified period of time
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Wave Frequency
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The time it takes for two successive wave crests to pass a given point
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Wave Period
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The maximum absolute value of a periodically varying quantity
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Amplitude
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a wave phase propagates at a certain frequency
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Wave Velocity
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the wavelength of a sinusoidal wave is the spatial period of the wave – the distance over which the wave's shape repeats
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Wave Length
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waves that have the same direction of vibration along their direction of travel
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Compressional Wave
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A wave vibrating at right angles to the direction of its propagation
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Transverse Waves
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A minimum point in a wave or an alternating signal.
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Trough
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The part of a wave with greatest magnitude
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Crest
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A vibration of a system in which some particular points remain fixed while others between them vibrate with the maximum amplitude
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Standing Waves
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requires a medium
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Mechanical Waves
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Change in direction of propagation of any wave as a result of its traveling at different speeds at different points along the wave front
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Refraction
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A change in direction that a wave experiences when it bounces off of a barrier between two kinds of media
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Reflection
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the angle that a line or beam of radiation makes with the normal to the surface at the point of incidence
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Angle of Incidence
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the frequency increasing when the source and observer approach each other and decreasing when they move apart
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Doppler Effect
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