Mqm Final Chapter 12

Front 1

Motivation

Back 1

The set of forces that initiate behavior and determine its form, direction, intensity, and duration.

Front 2

2 key voluntary choices

Back 2

1. choice to participate
2. choice to produce

Front 3

need theory

Back 3

singular needs and need classification systems

Front 4

job redesign

Back 4

job rotation, job enlargement, job enrichment

Front 5

expectancy theory

Back 5

the porter lawler model

Front 6

approaches to motivation

Back 6

need theory
job redesign
expectancy theory
goal setting
conditioning theory

Front 7

need theory 4 relational needs

Back 7

need for affiliation
need for social approval
need for power
need for equity

Front 8

need theory 4 growth needs

Back 8

need for achievement
need for autonomy
need for self actualization
need for activity

Front 9

equity theory

Back 9

theoretical base for job satisfaction and stand alone explanation for motivation

Front 10

expectancy theory

Back 10

role of cognitive expectations on effort/motivation

Front 11

goal setting

Back 11

a cognitive explanation for goal directed, voluntary behavior

Front 12

equity theory
distributive justice

Back 12

the focal person compares his output/input ratio with the output/input ratio of the referent person or comparison person

Front 13

expectancy theory

Back 13

an explanation for voluntary behavior that uses the values of outcomes and the expectation that valued outcomes will result from voluntary behaviors to predict motivation

Front 14

strategies of conditioning (5)

Back 14

-reward conditioning
-extinction conditioning
-avoidance conditioning
-punishment conditioning
-escape conditioning

Front 15

General guidelines for using conditioning strategies

Back 15

always use reward conditioning to shape or manage behavior before you employ any of the other 4 strategies

Front 16

Always praise the ________, with one exception __________

Back 16

behavior, low self esteem

Front 17

never _______, _________, or _______ the person, always " " the __________

Back 17

criticize, discipline, punish, behavior

Front 18

whenever possible

Back 18

always praise publicly
and punish privately

Front 19

avoidance conditioning

Back 19

bank fee
fine

Front 20

intrinsic rewards

Back 20

the intangible psychological results

Front 21

extrinsic rewards

Back 21

material, social

paycheck

praise and recognition

Front 22

continuous conditioning

Back 22

outcome follows every correct or incorrect response

Front 23

non-continuous or intermittent conditioning

Back 23

outcome follows a pattern with regard to the distribution of the outcome
(outcomes dispensed on the basis of time or number of responses)

Front 24

fixed interval

Back 24

outcome is allocated after a fixed time interval (weekly pay check)

Front 25

variable interval

Back 25

outcome is allocated after variable time period around an average

Front 26

fixed ratio

Back 26

outcome is allocated after a fixed number of responses (sales commission)

Front 27

continuous schedules

Back 27

promote faster conditioning; consequently, they are best for conditioning behaviors that are new

Front 28

variable schedules

Back 28

result in slower conditioning or learning; however, once the behavior is learned, extinction occurs more slowly if the reward is not forthcoming at a steady rate

Front 29

hierarchy of needs (5)

Back 29

1. self actualization
2. self-esteem
3. social
4. safety
5. physiological