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16 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Two factors influencing balance?
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Intrinsic and Extrinsic Factors
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Intrinsic Factors influencing balance?
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Physical, Physiological, and Cognitive Factors
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Extrinsic Factors influencing balance?
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Furniture, lighting, floor surfaces, bathroom, kitchen, architecture, yard and entrances, crowds, children, pets, weather
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How does balance change as we age?
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Lower extremity strength, reaction time, vision, somatosensory, and vestibular function can all decrease as we age. Joint capsules and ligaments also become stiffer.
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What are three categories of falls?
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Base of Support, Center of Mass, and No Obvious Perturbation Falls.
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What is a "Base of Support" Fall?
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When the person is unable to realign the base of support underneath the center of gravity.
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What is a "Center of Mass" Fall?
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A fall resulting from a push or perturbation to the center of mass, which includes external pushes, collisions, bumps, or a fall resulting from reaching, bending, and transfers.
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What is a "No Obvious Perturbation" Fall?
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A brief period of physiological dysfunction in CV, muscular, or neural symptoms.
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A fall is almost always the result of a combination of what two things?
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Intrinsic and Extrinsic factors.
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Every fall intervention program should include what eight aspects?
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Patient education.
Reducing environmental risk factors. Addressing any sensory deficits. Rehabilitation or compensation for physical impairments. Retraining in functional tasks. Review of medications. Restoration of confidence. Ongoing exercise program following discharge. |
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What is the best way to teach a person to get up from the floor?
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Ask them to figure out how to get up safely and offer cues only if needed (Highly empowering).
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What does it mean to have a "Multifactorial Falls Program"?
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Falls have a multifaceted set of causes, therefore a prevention program should target the multiple components of a fall while addressing the individual needs of each patient.
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What are five exercises to improve strength and influence balance?
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Level 1 Chair Rise
Diagonal Reaching from Sitting Reaching from Standing Wall Exercise Floor Clock |
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What should you gradually work up to in a walking program?
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Walking for 20 minutes, without resting, 3 times a week.
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When to assess for balance dysfunction
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Be alert to risk factors.
Identify the multiple intrinsic and extrinsic factors influencing balance. Review medications. Screen using Functional Reach test. Screen using Berg Balance Scale. |
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How could joint stiffness, specifically limited hip and/or ankle ROM contribute to falls?
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These deficiencies could cause an altered gait pattern, poor weight shifting, and also a decreased reaction time. Decreased ROM would cause less flexibility, and the person would not be able to perform hip or ankle strategies, and would have to use a stepping strategy to compensate.
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