Movement

Front 1

Supplementary motor cortex involved in what?

Back 1

Planning/ rehearsal of movements -> distal muscles

Active when mentally rehearsing action.

Front 2

Proprioception

Back 2

feedback from the peripheral sensory receptors on the positions & movements of limbs --> somatic sensory cortex

Front 3

Prefrontal cortex?

Back 3

Decision to make movement

Front 4

Basal ganglia

Back 4

Prefrontal cortex -> basal ganglia -> VLo (thalamus) -> area 6 of motor cortex

Initiates movement, puts plan into action.
Planning of complex voluntary movements

Front 5

Parkinsons & Huntingtons

Back 5

Pathology in basal ganglia - loss of dopaminergic neurons

Front 6

Cerebellum

Back 6

Involved in fine coordination and smooth executions of movements

Involved in motor learning

Damage= loss of coordination

Sensory cortex->cerebellum->VLc (thalamus) -> Area 4 of motor cortex

Front 7

2 descending pathways

Back 7

Lateral pathways

Ventromedial pathways

Front 8

Lateral pathways

Back 8

A group of efferent pathways found in the lateral funiculus of the spinal cord
Involved in fine control of voluntary movements

Corticospinal - neurons from motor cortex project to spinal cord

Rubrospinal - Project to the red nucleus then the spinal cord

Front 9

Ventramedial pathways

Back 9

descending motor/efferent fibres found in the anterior funiculus

Control of axial trunk muscles involving posture and large muscle movements

Front 10

Motor unit

Back 10

alpha motoneuone & muscle fibres

Front 11

What forms columns in the ventral horns? and are known as what?

Back 11

Motoneuone pools of each muscle

Front 12

strength of movement

Back 12

mediated by recruitment of motoneuons