Mouth, Alimentary Canal, Digestive System

Front 1

gingivae

Back 1

gums

Front 2

oral cavity proper

Back 2

inside teeth, where tongue is

Front 3

epithelium

Back 3

tissue covering organs and cheeks

Front 4

vermilion border

Back 4

line between lips and skin

Front 5

mastication

Back 5

chewing

Front 6

frenulum

Back 6

connective tissue holding tongue in place

Front 7

ankyloglossia

Back 7

"tongue tied"

Front 8

What are the 3 kinds of papillae?

Back 8

1. circumvallate papillae (large, shaped like V)
2. fungiform papillae (lg.)
3. filiform (sm.)

Front 9

What are the 2 types of tongue muscles

Back 9

1. extrinsic (moves, wiggles)
2. intrinsic (changes shape of tongue)

Front 10

What is saliva made of?

Back 10

water, mucus, ions, enzymes

Front 11

What do the large extrensic salivary glands do?

Back 11

moistens food we eat

Front 12

What do the small intrinsic salivary glands do?

Back 12

keep mouth moist

Front 13

dentition

Back 13

teeth

Front 14

deciduous

Back 14

baby teeth

Front 15

caries

Back 15

cavities

Front 16

dental plaque

Back 16

build-up of sugar, bacteria, and debris

Front 17

cementum

Back 17

layer covering root

Front 18

tunica

Back 18

covering

Front 19

How long is the Alimentary canal?

Back 19

30 ft.

Front 20

What are the 4 layers of the "GI tract"?

Back 20

1. tunica mucosa
2. tunica submucosa
3. tunica muscularis
4. tunica serosa

Front 21

Another name for Alimentary canal?

Back 21

"GI tract"

Front 22

peristalsis

Back 22

wavelike movements

Front 23

Tunica Adventitia

Back 23

tunica serosa

Front 24

mesothelium

Back 24

skin cells that line body cavity

Front 25

mesentary

Back 25

double layer of peritoneum that attaches organs to body wall

Front 26

secretory

Back 26

organs that release enzymes to break down food (liver and pancreas)

Front 27

omentum

Back 27

double layer of peritoneum that supports the viscera

Front 28

retroperitoneal

Back 28

abdominal organs outside coelomic cavity

Front 29

visceral peritoneum

Back 29

covering of Alimentary canal

Front 30

abdomen

Back 30

chest to hips

Front 31

gut

Back 31

GI tract

Front 32

viscous

Back 32

abdominal organs

Front 33

lumen

Back 33

tube (GI tract)

Front 34

gastroenterology

Back 34

specialty of digestive diseases

Front 35

What are the 6 parts of Digestive tract?

Back 35

1. mouth
2. esophagus
3. stomach
4. sm. intestine
5. lg. intestine
6. anal canal

Front 36

duodenum

Back 36

tube out of stomach, into sm. intestine

Front 37

pancreas

Back 37

makes insulin and hormones

Front 38

gallbladder

Back 38

stores bile made in liver/aids in digestion

Front 39

appendix

Back 39

pouch attached to lg. intestine

Front 40

Structure where esophagus meets stomach?

Back 40

cardiac oriface (GE junction)

Front 41

What is the top of the stomach called?

Back 41

fundus

Front 42

pylorus

Back 42

last portion of stomach where most digestion takes place

Front 43

What are the 3 organs that secretes digestive juices into alimentary canal via ducts?

Back 43

1. liver
2. gallbladder
3. pancreas

Front 44

teniae coli

Back 44

3 longitudinal muscles in lg. intestine

Front 45

"Bumps" on lg. intestine

Back 45

sacculations or haustra

Front 46

Are their villi in the lg. intestine?

Back 46

no

Front 47

anorexia

Back 47

loss of appetite

Front 48

borborygmi

Back 48

rumbling sounds of gas in intestines

Front 49

rigor

Back 49

chills

Front 50

obstipation

Back 50

constipation that continues

Front 51

dysphagia

Back 51

difficulty swallowing

Front 52

pyrexia

Back 52

fever

Front 53

febrile

Back 53

fever

Front 54

afebrile

Back 54

no fever

Front 55

hematemesis

Back 55

vomiting blood

Front 56

hematochezia

Back 56

bloody stools

Front 57

melena/melenic

Back 57

black stools

Front 58

defervesced

Back 58

subsiding fever

Front 59

odynophagia

Back 59

painful swallowing

Front 60

pallor

Back 60

pale

Front 61

regurgitation/emesis

Back 61

to flow in opposite direction (vomiting)

Front 62

tenesmus

Back 62

straining during bowel movement

Front 63

achalasia

Back 63

impaired esophageal peristalsis

Front 64

anorexia nervosa

Back 64

refusal to eat

Front 65

vermiform

Back 65

diverticulum of cecum

Front 66

atresia

Back 66

absence/closure of body orifice or tubular organs

Front 67

bezoar

Back 67

partially digested hair

Front 68

botulism

Back 68

food poisoning

Front 69

cheiloschisis

Back 69

cleptlip/harelip

Front 70

cholecystitis

Back 70

inflammation of gallbladder

Front 71

cholelithiasis

Back 71

gallstones

Front 72

cirrhosis

Back 72

nodules in hepatic structure

Front 73

diverticulum

Back 73

bulge, pocket on a tubular structure

Front 74

Zenker diverticulum

Back 74

most common place for diverticulum (below pharynx)

Front 75

dysentery

Back 75

inflammation of colon (pain, bloody stools)

Front 76

amebic dysentery

Back 76

most common dysentery - ulceration of bowel caused by amebiasis

Front 77

amebiasis

Back 77

infected by amebae

Front 78

dyspepsia

Back 78

not digesting

Front 79

cholera

Back 79

enteritis caused by food and water contaminated with feces

Front 80

fecalith

Back 80

concretion around fecal matter

Front 81

gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD)

Back 81

reflux caused by incompetent sphincter

Front 82

halitosis

Back 82

bad breath

Front 83

How is hepatitis transferred?

Back 83

feces, blood, sex

Front 84

hernia

Back 84

protrusion of loop of organ through abdominal opening

Front 85

hiatal hernia

Back 85

protrusion of stomach into diaphram

Front 86

sliding hiatal hernia

Back 86

stomach and esophagus slide up into chest

Front 87

paraesophageal hiatal hernia

Back 87

stomach squeezes through hiatus and can become strangled

Front 88

inguinal hernia

Back 88

in inguinal canal (direct and indirect)

Front 89

umbilical hernia

Back 89

protrusion of intestine through umbilicus

Front 90

Hirschsprung disease

Back 90

congenital megacolon

Front 91

hypertrophy

Back 91

enlarged organ

Front 92

ileus

Back 92

temporary cessation of intestinal peristalsis

Front 93

adynamic ileus

Back 93

(common type) suspension of peristalsis because of paralysis

Front 94

inflammatroy bowel disease

Back 94

can describe a variety of disorders - like Crohn diseas or ulcerative colitis

Front 95

Crohn disease

Back 95

affects GI tract, especially ileocecal area (can lead to obstruction, fistula, and abscess formation)

Front 96

ulcerative colitis

Back 96

chronic inflammation/ulceration of colon. (Etiology unknown)

Front 97

intussusception

Back 97

segment of bowel protruding into segment distal to it

Front 98

irritable bowel syndrome

Back 98

abdominal distress and bowel dysfunction

Front 99

leukoplakia

Back 99

white patches on oral mucosa (pre-cancerous)

Front 100

malabsorption

Back 100

not absorbing nutrients

Front 101

mumps

Back 101

contagious viral disease - enalrgement of salivary glands in children

Front 102

pancreatitis

Back 102

inflammation of pancreas

Front 103

parasites

Back 103

plant or animal that lives on/in another

Front 104

Giardia

Back 104

intestinal protozoa with large sucking disc

Front 105

giardiasis

Back 105

infection from Giardia parasite

Front 106

peptic ulcer dissease

Back 106

inflammation/ulceration of stomach and duodenum by gastric juices

Front 107

Barrett esophagus

Back 107

chronic peptic ulcer of esophagus

Front 108

polyp

Back 108

mass of tissue from bowel wall protruding into lumen

Front 109

sessile

Back 109

attached by base

Front 110

pedunculated

Back 110

attached by stalk

Front 111

prolapse

Back 111

falling/sinking

Front 112

anal/rectal prolapse

Back 112

skin of anus and mucosa of rectum protrude through anus

Front 113

pruritis ani

Back 113

chronic anal itch

Front 114

Schatzki ring

Back 114

congenital narrowing of esophagus

Front 115

ulcer

Back 115

excavation of surface of organ

Front 116

volvulus

Back 116

knotting/twisting of bowel