Mountains

Front 1

How is a fold mountain made?

Back 1

1)Rivers erode the land

2)The river them carries the broken rock sediment down to the sea.
3) When it reaches the sea, it will build up in layers on the sea bed.
4) After millions of years, the pressure of the water squeezes the sediments together to make solid, sedimentary rock.

5) Plate movements will then squeeze this rock and push it upwards - this folds the rock and pushes it above sea level to make folded mountains (Eg The Himalayas)

[THE ROCKS CONTAIN FISH FOSSILS INDICATING IT WAS ONCE UNDER WATER]

Front 2

The Andes

Back 2

1) The Andes are known as young fold mountains (65 million years old).

2) They are found in South America and are 7000km long.

3) They're about 300km wide and have an average height of 4,000m.

4) The highest point is 6,960m.

5) Highest mountains in the world after the Himalayas.

Front 3

Name and explain the 5 ways people use the mountains.

Back 3

Farming

Mainly subsistence farming - none or very little to sell.
This is difficult because it is wet, cold and the slopes are steep with infertile soil.

To make it easier they terrace the mountainside.
Most of the crops are grown in the valley floors where the weather and soil is better (money making crop). The main crop is potatos but rice and cotton is also produced. The native animal is the llama.

Hydro-Electric Power

They use the down flow of the water to create electricity.

Tourism

People visit the mountains to do activities such as rock climbing. There are lots of natural attractions such as volcanoes, glaciers, lakes and the Inca Ruins, Macchu Pichu.

Mining

Valuable minerals such as tin, gold and nickel can be mined.

Forrestry

Chopping trees down for timber.

Front 4

What are the problems with mountain areas?

Back 4

-low population levels

-aging population

-steep slopes makes building difficult

-communications (challenging to get around)

-poor phone signal

-weather is poor

-bad soil makes growing crops hard

-avalanches