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24 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Acceleration
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rate at which velocity changes; an increase in speed, decrease in speed, or change in direction
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constant speed
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speed that stays the same
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Energy
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the ability to do work or cause change
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Force
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a push or pull
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Free-fall
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An object is in free-fall when the only force acting on the object is gravity.
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Friction
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force that opposes motion; force that one surface exerts on another when the two rub against each otherSliding friction~when solid surfaces slide over each otherRolling friction~when an object rolls over a surfaceFluid friction~when an object moves through a fluid
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gravity
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force that pulls objects toward Earth;the attractive force between two objects; one of the forces that keeps the planets in their orbits
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inertia
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the tendency of a moving object to continue moving or a stationary object to remain in place unless acted on by an outside force; one of the forces that keeps the planets in their orbitSee also Newton's first law of motion
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kinetic energy
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energy of motion
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Momentum
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quantity of motionMomentum = mass x velocity
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motion
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An object is in motion when its distance from another object is changing.
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Net Force
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the overall force on an object when all the forces are added together. For example: If the boy is pushing with a force of 250 N and the girl is pushing with a force of -150 N (opposite direction would have negative force), the net force is 100 N
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Newton
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1. British physicist and mathematician who is known for observing an apple fall from a tree and defining gravity. Also known for developing calculus and three laws of motion.2. Unit of force that stands for kg x m/s
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Newton's first law of motion
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An object at rest will remain at rest and an object that is moving at constant speed will continue moving at constant speed unless acted upon by an unbalanced force; also known as the law of inertia
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Newton's second law of motion
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The net force on an object is equal to the product of its acceleration and its mass.Force = mass x acceleration
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Newton's third law of motion
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If one object exerts a force on another object, then the second object exerts a force of equal strength in the opposite direction on the first object.For every action there is an equal and opposite reaction
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Potential energy
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energy of position
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reference point
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a place or object used for comparison to determine if something is in motion (An object is in motion if it changes position relative to a reference point.
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Simple Machine
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device that helps make work easier; 6 basic types- lever, wedge, pulley, inclined plane, screw, wheel & axel
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speed
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the distance an object travels in one unit of time; distance / time |
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Speed Graph
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graph with time on the x-axis and distance on the y-axisgraph
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Thermal energy
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energy of heat
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velocity
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speed in a given direction
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Work
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force exerted on an object that causes it to move; work = force x distance
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