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36 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Hydroxly
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OH
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Amino
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NH3
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Carbonyl
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C=O
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Carboxl
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O
II C-OH |
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Sulfhydrol
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SH
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Phosphate
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PO4
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Monosaccharides
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simple sugars that are usually sweet, are soluble, and are used to make bigger things
Ex: glucose |
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Disaccharides
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made up of two monosaccharides covalently linked via condensation rxn
Ex: sucrose, maltose, lactose |
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Polysaccharides
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Many monosaccharides covalently limked to form large molecules
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Glycogen
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animal storage form of glucose
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Cellulose
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found in plant cell walls; linear polymer
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Chitin
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found in excoskeletons
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Triaclglyceride
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fats and oils; used for long-term storage, made up of 3 fatty acids and a glyceral
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Tryaclglycerol
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H O
I II H-C-O-C-C^^^^^^^^^ I O I II H-C-O-C^^^^^^^^^^^^ I O I II H-C-O-C^^^^^^^^^^^ |
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Saturated fats
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solid fats; high melting temp; animal fats; have no double bonds
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Unsaturated fats
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oils; liquid at room temp; plant fats; have atleast one double bond
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Phospholipid
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have PO4 in it; made up of glycerol+ fatty acids+ PO4+ head group
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Steroid
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Made of 4 fused carbon rings; most common is cholesterol; homons
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Waxes
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found in plants for protection, aquatic birds for waterproofing and bees for housing; made of Saturated fatty acids+long chain alcohol
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Proteins
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makes up 50% of cells dry mass fuctions include enzymems, defence, structural suppor, communication and transport
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Amino acids
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aa
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R group
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makes the protien unique
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Peptide bond
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bond between two peptide backbones when linked
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Peptide backbone
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N-C-C-N-C-C
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Peptide
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a short chain of aa
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polypeptide
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long chains of aa
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protien
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polypeptide in its fully functional 3D form
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Alpha helix
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peptide backbone in a spiral
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Beta sheet
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peptide backbone in straight lines
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Primary protein structure
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1*, sequence of amino acids
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Secondary protein sturcture
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2*, hydrogen bonding between portions of peptide backbones
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Tertiary protein structure
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3*, R group interactions and structre that combines to form a protein
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Quartinary protein structure
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subunits of 3* sturcture that combines to form a protein
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Native state
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protein in its fully functional state
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Denature
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to take a protein out of its native state
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Nuclaic Acid
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DNA
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