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29 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What is Thrasymachus definition of Justice?
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Whoever is stronger or of more authority decides justice
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Aristotle's Virtues
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wisdom, courage, moderation
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Happiest life for Aristotle
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Having a life of contemplation
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State of Nature
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a stage of war without a system or set of rules
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What is meta-ethics?
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The analyzation of ethical language
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Emotivists believe ethics is based on..
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emotions
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Two moral view points according to Carol Gilligan
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Men base decisions on Justice
Women base decision on the care |
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Philosophers shouldnt play...
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soccer
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What is the point of the analogy of small and large writing?
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It is easier to see JUSTICE of the city
than "justice" in the soul we need to connect the city and soul to find happiness |
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What are the three classes of society and their parts of the soul?
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Craftspeople:Appetitive
Soldiers: Spirited Rulers: Rational |
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How does virtue relate to function?
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How people function relates to their virtue.
Rulers= wisdom because they're philosophers Soldiers=courage because they fight for city Craftsmen=moderation because they do what they are made to do |
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Two main types of theoretical virtue
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practical wisdom (prudence)
philosophical wisdom (knowledge and reason) which together create happiness (moral goodness) |
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How Hobbes views human nature
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We are naturally evil
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How Rouseau sees human nature
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We are naturally good
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How Locke views human nature
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We are in a state of war but have rational impulses
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Hobbes role of government
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Hobbes wants the government to be a monarchy because he believes people shouldn't be given lots of power
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Rouseau role of government
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Roseau wants the government to be a communist government because people are naturally good
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Locke's role of government
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Locke wants the government to be a democracy so people can have power as well as the heads of government
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Explain the generalized other
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treating every person as a rational individual. The person's unique qualities are ignored. Men usually view ethics in this way.
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Explain the concrete other
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The concrete other is treating each person as a unique individual and paying attention to their different qualities. Most women view ethics in this was because it deals with the care of a person.
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What is the cultural differences debate?
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Different cultures have different customs, America (bury dead), tribes (eat dead) but neither can be judged as wrong. Both societies are following their religion so in this sense both are right.
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Definition of Cultural Relativism
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No culture is right because each culture has different moral principals.
Our judgements are based on the culture we were brought up in. |
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Culture subjectivism
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Judging all other cultures as wrong and evil (Hitler)
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What is moral?
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what is virtuous
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The social contract
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Having a system of government and have certain rights so we can move out of the state of war
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Socrates belief for happiness
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connecting the city to the soul which creates happiness
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Myth of metals (PLATO)
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every person is born with a certain metal inside them that tells them what talent they have. EX: silver= soldier
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Emotivism
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Based upon emotion
Ethical statements are only expressions of emotion |
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feminism
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Ethics are based on the care of a person and relationships
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