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42 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Terms to describe mood?
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Euthymic
Euphoric Expansive Elated Dysphoric Anxious |
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Define Euthymic
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absence of depressed or elevated mood
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Define Expansive
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exaggerated feeling of well-being
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Define Dysphoric
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feeling of unpleasantness, discomfort; depressed
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Define Anxious
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feeling of apprehension caused by anticipation of danger
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Describing affect?
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Blunted
Flat Appropriate Inappropriate Labile Full Range Restricted or Constricted |
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Define Blunted
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severe reduction in intensity of outward expression
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Define Flat
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complete absence of outward expression
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Define Inappropriate
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Doesn't reflect actual emotional state
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Define Restricted/Constricted
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less than blunted, reduction in intensity/range of outward expression
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Mood Episodes
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Not diagnosable disorders, but are building blocks for the disorder diagnosis
Major Depressive Episode Manic Episode Mixed Episode Hypomanic Episode |
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Major Depressive Episode symptoms
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(must have 4)
significant weight gain/loss or inc/dec in appetite insomnia/hypersomnia psychomotor agitation/retardation fatigue worthlessness/guilt inability to concentrate suicidal ideation/behavior |
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Manic episode symptoms
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inflated self esteem/grandiosity
decreased need for sleep more talkative flight of ideas/racing thoughts distractability increase in goal directed activity/psychomotor agitation hedonism w/bad consequence |
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Mixed episode symptoms
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A mixture of Major depressive episode and manic episode, almost everyday for 1 week. impairs daily function
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Hypomania
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like mania, but doesn't cause impairment in social or occupational functioning
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Primary Mood Disorders
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Unipolar disorder:
Major Depressive Disorder Bipolar disorders: Bipolar I Bipolar II |
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Depressive Disorders
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MDD
Dysthymic Post Partum Seasonal affective disorder |
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Major Depressive Disorder
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one or more major depressive episodes, progressive, can exhibit psychotic features
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Dysthymic Disorder
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Mild version of Major Depressive Disorder, 2 years of depressed mood more days than not. Usually has early onset in childhood/early adult
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Maternity Blues
***** Post Partum Depression ***** Post Partum Psychosis |
sympt 1 day after delivery
**** major depressive episode w/in 4 weeks of delivery ****** psychotic episode w/in 3 weeks fo delivery, medical emergency that requires immediate treatment |
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Seasonal affective disorder, 2 subtypes:
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winter depression SAD/fall onset SAD
or spring onset SAD |
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How to treat SAD?
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light therapy
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Bipolar I?
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Major depressive episode + Manic or mixed episodes
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Bipolar II?
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Major depressive episode + hypomanic episode
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Average age of onset w/MDD?
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32, 70% women
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MDD Treatment
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SSRIs,
then atypical antidepressants then TCAs or MAOIs Psychotherapy Somatic therapy: ECT |
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How long should medication be continued after symptoms of MDD abate?
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6 months to 1 year
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SSRIs
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fluoxetine (Prozac)
sertraline (Zoloft) fluvoxamine (Luvox) paroxetine (Paxil) citalopram (Celexa) escitalopram (Lexapro) |
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SNRIs (Serotonin-Norepinephrine Reuptake Inhibitors)
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venalfaxine (Effexor)
desvenlafaxine (Pristiq) duloxetine (Cymbalta) |
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Aytpical Antidepressants
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Nefazodone (Serazone)
Trazodone (Desyrel) Bupropion (Wellbutrin/Aplenzin) Mirtazapine (Remeron) |
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2nd generation antidepressants?
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SSRI, SRNI and Atypical Antidepressants
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1st generation antidepressants
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TCAs, MAOIs
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TCA (Tricyclic Antidepressants)
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Desipramine (Norpramin)
Amitriptyline (Elavil) Nortriptyline (Pamelor) Imipramine (Tofranil) |
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MAOIs (Monoamine Oxidase Inhibitors)
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Phenelzine (Nardil)
Tranylcypromine (Parnate) Isocarboxazid (Marplan) Selegelin (Eldepryl) |
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What is a major danger of combining antidepressant medications?
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Serotonin Syndrome
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bipolar disorder age of onset?
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25 years
males at risk for manic, females more at risk for rapid cycling and depression |
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Kindling theory
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seizures can manifest w/decreasing amounts of electrical/chemical stimulation. theory applied to bipolar, but in regards to cycling
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Treatment for Bipolar?
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prevent future episodes!
lithium carbonate antiseizure meds antipsychotics antidepressants ECT for those who don't respond to meds/high suicide risk psychoeducation, CBT etc |
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Bipolar nursing assess things to watch?
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sleep very important
thyroid fx use mental status exam to eval manic/mood |
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Mood Stabilizers
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Lithium carbonate
valproic acid (Depakote) carbamazapine (Tegretol) lamotrigine (Lamictal) oxcarbazepine (Trileptal) gabapentin (Neurotin) Topiramate (Topamax) |
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When do you use antidepressants for bipolar?
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depressive phases, but they can trigger mania, because of uplift in mood
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When do you use antipsychotics for bipolar?
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Psychosis
Mania |
