Mondern Us History 3

Front 1

Post war economic growth

Back 1

GNP went from 213.6 million to 503.7 million between 1945 and 1960, inflation was less than 3%

Front 2

Suburbanization

Back 2

single family housing, suburban developments, California embodied the suburban building boom the best, depended on cars.

Front 3

The 50s woman

Back 3

women and the Consumer Economy, new appliances, consumer goods, care of family, female fulfillment, culture of domesticity. Women’s role during the Cold War was a response to the insecurities caused by the war, the traditional female gender roles returned after the Depression and the War. Women continued to work outside the home and little organized female activism.

Front 4

Criticism of 50s consensus culture

Back 4

beatniks, popular culture, rock-n-roll, student movements, and small civil rights movement

Front 5

Ho Chi Minh

Back 5

a communist and Americans felt that if Vietnam fell to the communists than other countries would also fall like a row of dominoes.

Front 6

Brown v. Board of Education

Back 6

began the civil rights movement, NAACP chose to use legal means to fight segregation, Brown was several court cases that increased pressure on the court to end segregation. May 17, 1954 court decision was hailed as the Second Emancipation Proclamation by the press and brought joy to the south which ended school segregation based on race however the court didn’t act for another year.

Front 7

Desegregation

Back 7

is about ending Jim Crow and overturning separation of the races in schools, public transportation, public facilities.

Front 8

Montgomery Bus Boycott

Back 8

started with Rosa Parks, laid the themes that would dominate the future civil rights movement. The arrest of Rosa Parks started the rallying point for the bus boycott, Jo Ann Robinson and E. d. Nixon organized a bus boycott that lasted 381 days.

Front 9

Sit-ins

Back 9

1960 4 black students from North Carolina college sat a Greensboro, Woolworth’s lunch counter, sit-ins grew throughout the week so that over 100 students were participating, started the beginning of the student phase of the civil rights movement. Spread through 54 cities in 9 states, the birth of SNCC in 1960.

Front 10

Civil Rights Act of 1964

Back 10

started with the assassination of Kennedy. July 2 1964 LBJ signed a radical act that outlawed segregation in public accommodations, allowed government to use the courts to integrate schools, withheld funding from schools that discriminated against blacks, and established equal employment opportunities commission.

Front 11

Freedom Rides

Back 11

May 4, 1961- two integrated buses headed for New Orleans from Washington DC never got there. South Carolina 20 whites attacked and beat John Lewis. A white mob surrounded one bus cutting tires and firebombed the bus driving out the riders.

Front 12

Success of civil rights

Back 12

power of the black church, faith and moral righteousness, black women’s activism, unity of the movement, pressured the federal government to make civil rights a priority, grassroots movement helped gain nation support, and the power of the king.

Front 13

Peace Corps & Special Forces

Back 13

were two very different creations of JFK to stop the spread of communism. One made us look good, the other not so much

Front 14

Cuban Missile Crisis

Back 14

October 1962- CIA spy planes discovered that Soviet missiles were being installed in Cub, Kennedy responded with a quarantine of the island and demanded that they be removed, the world hung on the brink of nuclear war for 13 days

Front 15

Great Society

Back 15

had few achievements including the number of families in poverty declined, African Americans experienced an increased standard of living, however overall it was a failure because there was still so much poverty.

Front 16

New Left

Back 16

the redefinition of the meaning of freedom, it rejected intellect and political categories that had shaped radicalism and liberalism in the 20th century, challenged mainstream America, spoke of loneliness, isolation, and alienation of powerlessness in bureaucratic institutions.

Front 17

Mai Lai Massacre

Back 17

March 16, 1968, American soldiers went into villages and rounded up the elderly, women and children and herded them into a ditch and shot them, the army tried to cover it up but it leaked out, only one soldier was convicted and sent to prison but never served time.

Front 18

Women’s Liberation

Back 18

inequality, sexual liberation and freedom, along with personal freedom

Front 19

New Conservatism

Back 19

American toleration of difference was a sign of moral decay, return to Christian values, freedom was a moral condition and people needed to live moral lives, and the government should regulate personal behavior.

Front 20

Nixon and Communism

Back 20

Nixon brought about a thaw in the cold war by opening diplomatic relations with China, visiting the Soviet Union and instituting SALT talks to slow the nuclear arms race

Front 21

Watergate

Back 21

June 1972 House Judiciary Committee ordered that Nixon be investigated for conspiracy and that impeachment proceedings begin. Nixon resigned from office and destroyed the faith of American people in the federal government and political leaders. Five former Nixon employees broke-in at the Democratic Party headquarters in the Watergate apartments in Washington D.C.

Front 22

Camp David Accords

Back 22

peace agreement between the leaders of Israel and Egypt, brokered by President Jimmy Carter in 1978.

Front 23

Reganomics

Back 23

largest tax cuts in American history followed a year later with tax hikes, economy bounced around in the early 80s as Regan’s policies failed to solve economic problems

Front 24

Gulf War

Back 24

1991 an international coalition led by the US drove Iraq from Kuwait, in which they had been occupying the past year.

Front 25

Multiculturalism

Back 25

1990’s describing a growing emphasis on group racial and ethnic identity and demands that jobs, education, and politics reflect the increasingly diverse nature of American society.

Front 26

Operation Iraqi Freedom

Back 26

is when we invaded Iraq under the guise of getting rid of Saddam Hussein and freeing the Iraq people. It started the war we are in five years later.

Front 27

Levittown

Back 27

suburban developments on Long Island, New York

Front 28

Baby Boom

Back 28

the baby boom 28-30 million babies born between 1945 and the 1960’s.

Front 29

Feminine Mystique

Back 29

homemake+mother+sex=modern mom, little political role for women, women home life focused on home, family, volunteering in children’s lives and did not focus on their own person needs, isolated and lonely in new suburban lifestyle. The Mystique hid a problem for women- a tug of war between traditional and modern gender roles.

Front 30

Brinkmanship

Back 30

was part of foreign policy under Eisenhower led by his secretary of state John Foster Dulles which meant that because of our language and fear of the spread of communism we were always on the brink of nuclear war.

Front 31

Earl Warren

Back 31

was the Supreme court judge who helped to bring about the Brown V. Board of education ruling which outlawed segregation in education. He was important because he had been involved in interning the Japanese in WWII and felt guilty about that and wanted to make things right when he got to the Supreme Court.

Front 32

Little Rock Nine

Back 32

Governor Faubus created an atmosphere of hostility and used the National Guard to keep the black nine students out, Eisenhower intervened to integrate the school, and the nine were allowed to attend the white school.

Front 33

Rosa Parks

Back 33

1955 she refused to give up her seat to a white person, got arrested started the rallying point for the bus boycott lasting 381 days, first of many movements.

Front 34

Martin Luther King Jr.

Back 34

a leader for civil rights movement, lead many movements, and was assassinated in Memphis in April 4, 1968.

Front 35

SCLC & SNCC

Back 35

SNCC student non-violent coordinating committee was born in April 1960. Student organization dedicated to ending segregation and promoted racial justice, nonviolent, minimum structure, maximum participation. SCLC began voter registration drive in Selma, Alabama whore 2% of blacks were registered to vote.

Front 36

I Have a Dream

Back 36

Martin Luther King’s speech which was a call to change the system and restore American democracy.

Front 37

Malcolm X

Back 37

father of “black power”, a spokesman for the Muslims and a critic of integration ideas, he insisted that blacks must control the political and economic resources of their communities and rely on themselves rather than the whites.

Front 38

Bay of Pigs

Back 38

invasion led by CIA to overthrow Castro in April 1961, ended in deaths of 100 Americans and captured of 1100 more, Castro became closer to the Soviet Union.

Front 39

National Organization for Women (NOW)

Back 39

1966 demanded equality for women in employment, education, politics and sexuality.

Front 40

Title IX

Back 40

part of the Educational Amendments Act of 1972 that banned gender discrimination in higher education.

Front 41

Kent State

Back 41

was the killing of four college students at Kent State University in Ohio. They were killed by National Guardsmen during an anti-war protest.

Front 42

Equal Rights Amendment

Back 42

guaranteed equal rights for women, introduced in 1923 but was not passed by Congress till 1972, it failed to be ratified by the States.

Front 43

Iran Contra

Back 43

1984 congress banned military aid to Contras who were fighting the Sandinista government that the US wanted out of power, Regan to get around the ruling authorized sale of arms to Iran. CIA director and Oliver North funneled money from the Iran deal to the Contras in Nicaragua for two years.

Front 44

Globalization

Back 44

process where people, investments, goods, information and culture flow freely across national boundaries, buzzword of the 1990s, defines how we understand our own world today, American economic interests continue to shape foreign policy.

Front 45

Triangulation

Back 45

Clinton’s political strategy of embracing Republican policies in order to undermine their political position and gain a broader base of support.

Front 46

Monica Lewinsky

Back 46

involved with Clinton in a sex scandal.

Front 47

Axis of Evil

Back 47

Iran, Iraq, and North Korea blamed for harboring terrorists and developing weapons of mass destruction

Front 48

Moderate Republicanism and Eisenhower

Back 48

Eisenhower the first republican president in over twenty years, his cabinet was filled with wealthy businessmen. His domestic agenda he named “Modern Republicanism” it aimed to server his party’s identification in the minds of many Americans. He kept going with the New Deal and even expanded its programs. Agricultural workers became eligible for social security for the first time, the expansion of welfare states and national key industries (steel, shipbuilding, transportation) were bought by the government from private owners and then operated and subsidized. He started the largest public works enterprise in American history the building of the 41,000 mile interstate highway, when the Soviet’s launched Sputnik he invested in federal funding for higher education.

Front 49

Montgomery Bus Boycott and Civil Rights

Back 49

first of many mass movements. It laid the themes that would dominate the future of civil rights movement

Front 50

Mississippi Freedom Democratic Party

Back 50

one of the most dramatic confrontations of the civil rights era-a campaign to take the seats of the state’s all-white official party at the 1964 Democratic national convention in Atlantic City, New Jersey. Blacks had been unable to participate in political activities or even register to vote

Front 51

Voting Rights Act of 1965

Back 51

August 6, act was signed into law, used power of the federal government to restore political rights of blacks and all people regardless of race, creed or gender, a tremendous victory in the civil rights movement, it prohibited literacy tests, southern government had to approve of the changed in southern voting law and the law worked and the number of voters grew by three times by 1969.

Front 52

Failures of the Great Society

Back 52

didn’t create job or job security, didn’t support unionization which protected job, didn’t keep big business from outsourcing costing American jobs, and didn’t chose direct payment to the poor making them more not less dependent on the federal government for support.

Front 53

Legacies of Vietnam for America

Back 53

military, political and social disaster, 58,000 American died, 3-4 Vietnamese died, war cost 100 billion dollars, undermined the American people’s confidence in their government and political leaders, destroyed the 50s consensus

Front 54

Carter, Clinton and Human Rights

Back 54

Carter thought that post-Vietnam should de-emphasize cold war thinking, combating poverty in the third world, preventing the spread of nuclear weapons, and promoting human rights. Carter emphasized on pursuing peaceful solutions to international problems, he improved American relations with Latin American. Many criticized Carter’s emphasis on human rights and made it impossible for him to translate rhetoric into action. America continued to support its allies who had records of serious human rights violations. During Clinton’s presidency human rights played an important role in international affairs, the human rights watch was happening that watched how the government treated their citizens. New institutions emerged that punished violations of human rights, it remained unknown if this would become an effective international system of protecting human rights throughout the country.

Front 55

The Bush Doctrine

Back 55

This is our new foreign policy after 9-11 where Bush declared a war on terror but it is a really ambiguous thing. No one knows what or who a terrorist is or how long the war on terror will last. It is really black and white with no understanding of how sophisticated foreign policy is.