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30 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What is the central dogma of molecular biology
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it was proposed by Francis crick. DNA is transcribe to RNA . RNA is transclated to proteins
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what is reverse transcription
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is when RNA returns back to DNA
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What is the core?
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Each domain consists of a loop of DNA attached in some (unknown) way to a more condensed region
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what is the core composed of?
What is its charge of the proteins? |
RNA and proteins
The proteins are positive |
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what type of histones does bacteria have
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histone like
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What type of histones does Archaea and eukaryots
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true histones
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The enzymes that synthesize new DNA using DNA as a template are termed
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DNA dependent DNA polymerase
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Bacteria
DNA polymerase I |
Plays an essential, albeit secondary role in replication
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bacteria
DNA polymerase II |
Involved in DNA repair
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bacteria
DNA polymerase III |
The major replication enzyme
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Archea polymerase
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Variable number of DNA pol depending on the species
- However, they tend to be more similar to DNA polymerases from eukaryotes |
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Eukaryotes
DNA pol (alpha) |
synthesis of nucleic DNA
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DNA pol (beta)
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DNA repair
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DNA pol gamma
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synthesis of mitochondrial DNA
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DNA pol Delta
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synthesis of nuclear DNA
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where does DNA replication begin
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At a single origin of replication, and that are generatated at two different directions of the replication fork
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Where does the replication fork meet?
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They meet at the terminus
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What is bacterial DNA referred to?
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The theta mode of replication
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The ori C is termed as?
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The initiator protein that binds to a specific region of the chromosome
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what is the protein helicase does?
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it unzips the DNA
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What stabilizes the single strand of DNA
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single stranded binding protein (SSBPs)
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What enzyme relaxes the the supercoiled generated in front of the replication fork?
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DNA gyrase, also known as topoisomerase II
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What enzyme synthesizes a short RNA primer required for DNA synthesis?
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primer
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what enzyme synthesizes DNA in a 5' to 3' direction continuosly on one strand
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DNA polymerase III
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What are okizaki fragments
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they are short DNA fragments
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What enzyme removes the RNA primers and replaces them with DNA
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DNA polymerase I
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what enzyme seals the gaps, with phosphodiethers bonds
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DNA ligase
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The transcription of genetic information from DNA to RNA is carried out by
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DNA dependent RNA polymerase
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How many RNA polymerase does bacteria have?
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they have one type RNA polymerase, and its simple in structure
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How many RNA polymerase does Archaea have?
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They have one type of RNA polymerase that is more complex structure. That more closly resembles the Eukarya polymerase
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