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33 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What are the characteristics of light-grown Arabidopsis thaliana?
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Short hypocotyls
No apical hooks Open and enlarged cotyledons Developed chloroplasts Differentiated cell types |
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What are etioplasts?
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Chloroplasts that have not been exposed to light.
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What are the characteristics of skotomorphogenic Arabidopsis thaliana?
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Long hypocotyls
Unopened apical hooks Undeveloped (small & unopened) cotyledons Etoplasts Retarded cell differentiation (no stomata) |
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Why are Loss-of-Function mutations recessive?
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Since Arabidopsis thaliana has two copies of every gene, if one copy loses function, the other copy is still functional, resulting in an unaltered phenotype. It is only when both copies of a gene lose function that the phenotype affected.
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What type of mutation is induced in COP 1-9, HY 1-5, and DET 1-2 genes?
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Loss-of-Function mutations
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These are utilized to mediate light-regulated events:
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Three photoreceptors
Phytochrome Blue-UV-A light receptor (chryptochrome) UV-B light receptor |
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In plants, what are the two uses of incident radiation?
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1 - Energy source
2 - Informational signal to control development in photomorphogenesis. |
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What is incident radiation?
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Radiation hitting a specific surface
Includes diffuse radiation |
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Plant development that is controlled by light
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Photomorphogenesis
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What is photomorphogenesis?
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Plant development that is controlled by light.
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The "stalk" or "stem" of Arabidopsis thaliana seedlings:
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Hypocotyls
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The name for plants with two leaves as embryos and seedlings:
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Dicotyledonous (cotyledons are the leaves)
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______ is the developmental strategy followed when light is present.
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Photomorphogenesis
de-etiolated |
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_____ is the developmental strategy followed in darkness.
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skotomorphogenesis
etiolated |
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list two other names for light-grown plants
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Photomorphic
de-etiolated |
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List two other names for dark-grown plants
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etiolated
skotomorphic |
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What is the scientific name for the plant model used in this experiment?
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Arabidopsis thaliana
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In plants, where does photosynthesis occur?
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In the leaves.
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What is a genetic screen?
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A mutagenic screen. Mutating something and looking at the different phenotypes.
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What is the genetic screen in this paper?
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For light signalling
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A stimulus that causes a response.
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A signal
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Which phenotype is referred to with etiolated?
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Skotomorphogenic
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Which phenotype is referred to with de-etiolated?
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photomorphogenic
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How are mutations named?
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After the phenotype displayed
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How many genes are involved in cop/det and hy?
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Single gene mutations
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Explain the purpose of a complementation test
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if you cross two mutants with each other, and their offspring are mutants, the mutations are in the same gene because loss of function is recessive.
if you get wild type, the mutations are in different genes. |
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How many different cop mutants were there?
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9
cop 1 - cop 9 |
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How many different det mutants were there?
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2
det 1-2 |
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How many different genes were mutated that result in the photomorphogenic phenotype?
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11 total
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Which phenotype results with cop/det?
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photomorphogenic
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Lowercase letters refer to ________ allele and uppercase letters refer to the _____ allele.
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mutated;
wild type |
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How many hy mutants were found with complementation tests?
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5
HY 1-4 HY 5 |
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what is the phenotype of hy genes?
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Etiolated phenotype even when grown in the light
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