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13 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Pyrimidine nitrogenous bases |
single ring DNA: Cytosine and thymine RNA: cytosine and uracil |
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Purine nitrogenous bases |
double ring Adenine and GUanine |
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Nucleosides |
combination of sugar (ribose or deoxyribose) and purine or pyrimidine base (nitrogenous base) |
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β-N-glycosidic linkage |
Bond between the base and the sugar joining the 1'-carbon of the sugar and a nitrogen atom of the base |
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Nucleotide structure |
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Nitrogenous base pairs for DNA |
Adenine (A) pairs with Thymine (T) Guanine (G) pairs with Cytosine (C) |
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Nucleosome |
First level of structure of a chromosome. Consists of a strand of DNA wrapped around a small disk made up of histone proteins. |
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Central Dogma |
the flow of genetic information contained in DNA is a one way street that leads from DNA to RNA to protein |
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Messenger RNA (mRNA) |
carries the genetic information for a protein from DNA to the ribosomes. Complementary RNA copy of a gene on the DNA |
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Ribosomal RNA (rRNA) |
Platforms on which protein synthesis ocurs |
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Transfer RNA (tRNA) |
There is at least one tRNA for each amino acid to be incorporated into a protein tRNA is single-stranded with typically about 80 nucleotides The overall structure is called a cloverleaf 3 nucleotides at the base of the cloverleaf serve as the anticodon, which forms hydrogen bonds to a codon on mRNA |
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Codon |
a sequence of three nucleotides that together form a unit of genetic code in a DNA or RNA molecule.
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Anticodon (tRNA codon) |
a sequence of three nucleotides forming a unit of genetic code in a transfer RNA molecule, corresponding to a complementary codon in messenger RNA. |
