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19 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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How do we know that DNA and not protein is the hereditary material?
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bec the cell the cell only takes DNA and not protein
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What is the structure of DNA?
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double helix
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How is DNA copied?
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double helix unzips
each side gets replicated and matched uo guadnine and cytocine thymine and adnine |
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When is the cell cycle is DNA copied?
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interphase
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How is information stored in DNA?
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in nuclear tide
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How many different nucleotides or letters make up the genetic alphabet?
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4
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How many nucleotides are in each codon or word in a gene?
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3
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What does a codon stand for?
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amino acid
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What are the steps in building proteins using the information stored in DNA?
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DNA STRAND
TRANSCRIPTION RNA TRANSLATION POLYPEPTIDE |
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Where in the cell does each step occur?
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transcription occurs in nucleus translation occurs in the cytoplasm
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What does messenger RNA (mRNA) do?
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encodes amino acedsequences is called RNA bec it conveys genetic info from DNA to the translation machinery of the cell
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What does transfer Rna (tRNA) do?
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to convert the 3 letter wors of nucleic acids to the one-letter amino acid word od proteins a cell employs an interprotor trna
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what are mutations?
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any change in sequence of nucleotides
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How does a mutation in DNA influence the protein that a gene codes for?
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1. make no difference
2. change 1 noncritical amino acid chairs 3. scieed up protien sickel cell anemia cystic fibrosis hemophilla |
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what is recombinant DNA?
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genetically engineered DNA made by recombing fragments from different organisms
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How is recombinant DNA made?
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insetting a gene into bacteria
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Why should you want to move DNA from one organism to another?
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study genes
make large amts of protien make crop plants w/s specific properties treat genetic diseases |
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What are some of the benefits of recombinant DNA technology?
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improve life stock
make substances for medical use |
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What are some of the dangers of recombinant DNA technology to the environment?
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transplanted genes can be transfered to unhintended speices
hylonditing virues bacteria |
