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5 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Describe the principles behind microsatellite DNA fingerprinting |
Two unrelated individuals are very likely to have differing versions of the same microsatellite loci. Short tandem repeats can then be used to discriminate between 2 different individuals. |
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Describe the process of microsatellite DNA fingerprinting. |
Number of select microsatellite loci across different chromosomes which are targeted with sequence specific primers and amplified using PCR. The amplified porudcts can then be analysed on an agarose gel - different molecular weights for 2 different individuals as number of repeats varies between individuals. Often many different specific MS loci are multiplexed at once and fluorescently labelled. |
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Why do we still need genetic maps? |
1. Whole genome sequencing projects 2. Indentify genes that cause disease in humans 3. Agriculturally important genes in plants + animals. |
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What advantages do DNA markers have over morphological markers? |
1. DNA sequence polymorphisms arise naturally in isolated members of a species 2. Polymorphic sequences need not be in genes, they may be inetergenic regions and they need only to be located in single copy DNA sequences 3. Very many DNA markers can be scored in the progeny from a single gene cross 4. Unlike morphological markers, DNA markers are not influenced by environmental factors 5. Most DNA marker technologies now exploit PCR and so require very little sample DNA |
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What is a molecular marker? |
A site of heterozygosity for some type of silent DNA variation not associated with any conventional measurable phenotypic variation |
