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20 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Protoplast fusion
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injured cells produce mass of cells called CALLUS. Fuse protplast to protoplast of different species= brocciflower
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transgenic plants
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possess a gene or genes that have been transferred from a different species
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Making transgenic plants 2 steps
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1. gene manipulation
2. gene introduction |
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natural genetic transfer
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insert T-DNA into chomosomal DNA of host plant.
T-DNA directs plant to grow in uncontrollable manner |
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Nopaline
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is utilized by bacterium in the natural genetic transfer
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leaf fragment technique
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cut small discs from leaf and use genetically modified AGROBACTER, which can only infect DICOTYLEDONOUS PLANTS
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Old method of cloning multiple genes
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crossing by pollen to make a hybrid plant
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Reporter gene
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used to monitor the funciton of nay gene during development
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what gene turns X-gal blue?
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lac (b-galactosidase)
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Particle bombardment using gene-gun
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shoot tiny bead coated with DNA inot the nucleus
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Chloroplast engineering
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chloroplast DNA can accept several new genes at once, unlike DNA in cells of a nucleus.
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Antisense technology
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AGROBACTER vector used to transer the new gene that encodes the antisense mRNA molecues that units with and inactivates the normal sense mRNA for PG production
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What are the 4 advantages of Plant Transgenesis?
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1. lots of molecular information
2. lots of offspring 3. good regenerative capabilites 4. Mating is not an issue |
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what are the 5 problems with plant molec. bio?
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1. money
2. grow slowly 3. huge genome 4. resistant to foreign DNA 5. cell wall of plants |
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why should we make transgenic plants?
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because there are lots of ppl. and not enough food.
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Pesticide producing plants
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BACILLUS THURINIENSIS (Bt) natural bacterial pesticide
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Disease resistant
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genetic vaccines are used on a variety of crops
TMV resistant tobacco plant |
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Plant transgenics for safe storage
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AVIDIN a protein found in egg whites blocks availibility to biotin required by pests to grow.
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herbicide resistant plants
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GLYPHOSPHATE BLOCKS an enzyme necessary for photosynthesis. Plants can be engineered to resist herbicides like GLPHOSATE
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Golden rice has?
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beta carotene
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