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16 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Scientific Method
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1. Observation
2. Hypothesis 3. Experiment 4. Theory 5. Law |
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Hypothesis
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A testable explanation for a set of observations based on the available data and guided by inductive reasoning. A hypothesis is narrower in scope than a theory. A hypothesis can be falsified but never be proven true.
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Theory
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An explanation that is broader in scope than a hypothesis, generates new hypotheses, and is supported by a large body of evidence.
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Control
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Treatment that eliminates the independent variable or sets it at a standard value.
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Independent Variable
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What the investigator varies in the experiment (for example, time, pH, temperature, concentration)
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Dependent Variable
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What the investigator measures, counts, or records; what is being affected in the experiment.
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Procedure
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Process used to measure the dependent variable.
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Level of Treatment
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Appropriate values to use for the independent variable.
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Replication
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Number of times the experiment is repeated.
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Prediction
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Statement of the expected results of an experiment based on the hypothesis.
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Allometry (allometric growth)
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The phenomenon whereby parts of an organism grow at different rates, or disproportionate growth of a part in relation to the entire organism. (head)
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Isometric Growth
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When two parts grow at the same rate. (arms)
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A study of 10,000 women revealed that women with breast cancer had a history of heavier antibiotic use than women who did not have breast cancer. What are the possible explanations for this correlation?
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The antibiotics might be causing the cancer. A weak immune system could cause bacterial infections and cancer.
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Malaria cases in South Africa before, during, and after DDT spraying.
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Independent Variable: Time measured in years.
Dependent Variable: Number of malaria cases. |
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The relationship of beak depth in ground finches and the maximum hardness of seeds they can crack.
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The harder the seeds, the larger the beak depth.
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During the drought of 1977, which group of ground finches were more successful in finding food and reproducing, those with large beaks or those with small beaks?
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Those with large beaks survived better because they could get
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