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13 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What does high fidelity mean |
A DNA replication process of very high accuracy that prevents errors from occurring |
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what is Nucleotide (‘oligonucleotide’) excision repair |
a stretch of DNA around the site of damage is removed and replaced |
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Definition of mutation |
heritable change in the nucleotide sequence of a DNA molecule |
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what are Point mutations |
Substitution of one base pair for another |
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what are Frameshift mutations |
Insertion or deletion of one or more nucleotides that alters the translation reading frame – generally highly deleterious |
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what is Reversion |
restoration of original genotype and hence observable phenotype: ‘back mutation’ or mutation that produces synonymous codon |
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what is suppression |
restoration of phenotype by a second unrelated mutation – many ways this can happen |
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what is extragenic suppression |
another gene is mutated to compensate for, or suppress, the original mutation |
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what is intragenic suppression |
second mutation occurs in the same gene to suppress the effect of the first mutation |
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what is the definition of a bacterial operon |
two or more genes transcribed as a single mRNA molecule: a ‘polycistronic’ mRNA |
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What is negative regulation |
mediated by repressors |
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what is positive regulation |
mediated by activators |
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what is the operator |
DNA sequences bind repressor proteins |
