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22 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Heredity
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Genetic transmission of characteristics from parent to offspring
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Genetics
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branch of bio that deals with Heredity; especially mechanisms and cariation of inherited characteristics among related organisms
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Deoxyribonucleotides
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a nitrogen containing ring structure(a base). The base is attached to 1 C atom of pentose
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DNA
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four bases are found 2 Purines; Adenine and Guanine and 2 pyrimidines; Thymine and Cytosine
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Ribonuceotides
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same purines as DNA adenine and guanine, pyrimidine cytosine and uracil
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Cloning
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DNA sequence is transferred from one organism to another and replicated by genetic engineering techniques
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Evolution
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change in genetic composition of a population during successive generations. (phylogeny-related grps but not the same)
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Charles Darwin
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British naturalist who revolutionized the study of bio with his theory of evolution based on Natural Selection
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Hardy-Weinberg and Castle Theorem
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allele frequencies do not change from one generation to the next; equilibrium genotype frequencies do not change and are giving by the HW formula; equilibrium is attained in a single generation
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Assumptions of HW theorem
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No mutation, No Migration, No selection, No inbreeding, No drift, Completely random mating
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Natural Selection
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process in nature by which only organisms best adapted to their environment tend to survive and pass on genetic information
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Speciation
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evolutionary formation of new biological species, usually by division of single species into 2 or more gentically distinct ones
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Hybrid
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offspring of genetically dissiimilar parents
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Extinction
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Change in genetic composition of a population during successive generations, changes and natural selection
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Gregor Mendel
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founder of genetics played with Peas discovered inheritance of traits by genes
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Law of Segregation
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Allele pairs separate or segregate during gamete formation, and randomly unite at fertilization
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Law of Independent Assortment
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Allele pairs separate independently during formation of gametes, this means that traits are transmitted to offspring independently of one another
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Alleles
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Alternative form of a gene (one member of a pair) that is located at a specific position on a specific chromosome
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Gametes
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Haploid reproductive cells that unite during sexual reproduction to form diloid zygotes
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Haploid
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having same number of sets of chromosomes as a germ cell or half as many as a somatic cell, having a single set of chromosomes
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Diploid
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Having a pair of each type of chromosomes so that the basic chromosome number is doubled
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Sex Chromosomes
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Either of a pair of chromosomes that combine to determine thesex and sex-linked characteristics of an individual
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