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23 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Define genetics
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Genetics is the science that studies how characteristics get passed from parent to offspring.
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Define genetic factors
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Genetic factors is the general guideline of traits determined by a person's DNA.
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Define enviromental factors
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Environmental factors means those "nonbiological" factors that are involved in a persons surroundings such as the nature of the person's parents, the person's friends, and the person's behavioral choices.
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Define spiritual factors
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Spiritual factors are the fators in a person's life that are determined by the quality of his or her relationship with God.
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Define gene
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A gene is a section of DNA that codes for the production of a protein or a portion of protein, thereby causing a trait.
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Define messenger RNA
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Messenger RNA is the RNA that performs transcription
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Define anticodon
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An anticodon is a three-nucleotide base sequence on tRNA.
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Define codon
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A codon is a sequence of three nucleotide bases on mRNA that refers to a specific amino acid.
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Define chromosome
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A chromosome is DNA coiled around and supported by proteins, found in the nucleus of the cell.
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Define mitosis
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Mitosis is the process of asexual reproduction in eukaryotic cells.
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Define interphase
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Interphase is the time interval between cellular reproduction.
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Define mother cell
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A mother cell is a cell ready to begin reproduction, containing duplicated DNA and centrioles.
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Define centromere
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The centromere is the region that joins two sister chromatids.
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Define karyotype
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A karyotype is the figure produced when the chromosomes of a species during metaphase are arranged according to their homologous pairs.
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Define diploid cell.
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A diploid cell is a cell with chromosomes that come in homologous pairs.
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Define haploid cell
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A haploid cell is a cell that has only one representative of each chromosome pair.
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Define diploid number
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The diploid number is the total nuber of chromosomes in a diploid cell (abbreviated 2n).
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Define haploid number
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The haploid number is the number of homologous pairs in a diploid cell.
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Define meiosis
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Meiosis is the process by which a diploid (2n) cell forms gametes (n).
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Define gametes
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Gametes are haploid cells (n) produced by diploid cells (2n) for the purpose of sexual reproduction.
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Define virus
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A virus is a non-cellular infectious agent that has two characteristics:
(1) It has genetic material (RNA or DNA) inside a protective protein coat. (2) It cannot reproduce on its own. |
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Define antibodies
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Antibodies are specialized proteins that aid in destroying infectious agents.
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Define vaccine
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A vaccine is a weakened or inactive version of a pathogen that stimulates the body's production of antibodies which can aid in destroying the pathogen.
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