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23 Cards in this Set

  • Front
  • Back
Define genetics
Genetics is the science that studies how characteristics get passed from parent to offspring.
Define genetic factors
Genetic factors is the general guideline of traits determined by a person's DNA.
Define enviromental factors
Environmental factors means those "nonbiological" factors that are involved in a persons surroundings such as the nature of the person's parents, the person's friends, and the person's behavioral choices.
Define spiritual factors
Spiritual factors are the fators in a person's life that are determined by the quality of his or her relationship with God.
Define gene
A gene is a section of DNA that codes for the production of a protein or a portion of protein, thereby causing a trait.
Define messenger RNA
Messenger RNA is the RNA that performs transcription
Define anticodon
An anticodon is a three-nucleotide base sequence on tRNA.
Define codon
A codon is a sequence of three nucleotide bases on mRNA that refers to a specific amino acid.
Define chromosome
A chromosome is DNA coiled around and supported by proteins, found in the nucleus of the cell.
Define mitosis
Mitosis is the process of asexual reproduction in eukaryotic cells.
Define interphase
Interphase is the time interval between cellular reproduction.
Define mother cell
A mother cell is a cell ready to begin reproduction, containing duplicated DNA and centrioles.
Define centromere
The centromere is the region that joins two sister chromatids.
Define karyotype
A karyotype is the figure produced when the chromosomes of a species during metaphase are arranged according to their homologous pairs.
Define diploid cell.
A diploid cell is a cell with chromosomes that come in homologous pairs.
Define haploid cell
A haploid cell is a cell that has only one representative of each chromosome pair.
Define diploid number
The diploid number is the total nuber of chromosomes in a diploid cell (abbreviated 2n).
Define haploid number
The haploid number is the number of homologous pairs in a diploid cell.
Define meiosis
Meiosis is the process by which a diploid (2n) cell forms gametes (n).
Define gametes
Gametes are haploid cells (n) produced by diploid cells (2n) for the purpose of sexual reproduction.
Define virus
A virus is a non-cellular infectious agent that has two characteristics:
(1) It has genetic material (RNA or DNA) inside a protective protein coat.
(2) It cannot reproduce on its own.
Define antibodies
Antibodies are specialized proteins that aid in destroying infectious agents.
Define vaccine
A vaccine is a weakened or inactive version of a pathogen that stimulates the body's production of antibodies which can aid in destroying the pathogen.