Modules 33-36: Motivation And Work

Front 1

motivation

Back 1

a need or desire that energizes and directs behavior

Front 2

instinct

Back 2

a complex behavior that is rigidly patterned throughout a species and is unlearned

Front 3

drive reduction theory

Back 3

the idea tha t aphysioological need creates an aroused tension state (a drive) that motivates an organism to satisfy the need.

Front 4

homeostasis

Back 4

a tendency to maintain a balanced or constant internal state; the regulation of any aspect of body chmemistry, such as blood glucose, aroudn a particular level

Front 5

incentive

Back 5

a postive or negative environmental stimulus tha tmotivates behavior

Front 6

heirarchy of needs

Back 6

maslows pyramid of human needs, beginning at the base with physiological needs that must first be satisfied before higher level safety needs and then psychological needs become active.

Front 7

sel actualization needs

Back 7

need to live up to one's fullest an dunique potential

Front 8

esteem needs

Back 8

need for self esteem, achievement, competence, and independence; need for recognition and respect from others

Front 9

belongingness and love needs

Back 9

need to love an dbe loved, to belong an dbe accepted; need to avoid loneliness and alineation

Front 10

safety needs

Back 10

need to feel taht the world is organized predictable; need to feel safe, secure, adn stable

Front 11

phsyiological needs

Back 11

need to satisfy hunger and thirst

Front 12

glucose

Back 12

the form of sugar tha tciruclates in teh blood and provides tha major source of energy for body tissues. when its level is low, we feel hunger.

Front 13

set point

Back 13

the point at which an individual's "weight thermostat" is suposedly set. when the body falls below this weight, an increase in hunger and a lowered metablic rate may act to restore the lost weight

Front 14

basal metabolic rate

Back 14

the boyd'a resting rate of energy expenditure

Front 15

anorexia nervosa

Back 15

an eating disorder in which a normal weight person (usually an adolescent female ) diets and beocmes significantly (15 percent or more) underweight, yet, still feeling fat, continues to starve.

Front 16

bulimia nervosa

Back 16

an eating disorder characterized by episodes of overeating, usually of high calorie foods, followed by vomiting, laxative use, fasting or excessive exercise.

Front 17

sexual response cycle

Back 17

the four statges of sexual responding described by masters and johnson- excitement, plateau, orgasm, and resolution.

Front 18

refractory period

Back 18

a resting period after orgasm, durign which a man cannot achieve another orgasm

Front 19

sexual disorder

Back 19

a problem that consistently impairs sexual arousal or functiong.

Front 20

estrogen

Back 20

a sex homrone, secreted in greater amounts by females than by males. in nonhuman female mamals, estrogen levels peak during ovulation, promoting seuxal receptivity.

Front 21

testosterone

Back 21

the most important of the male sex hormone. both males and femalse hav it, but the additioinal testosterone in males stimulates teh growoth of teh male sex organs in teh fetus and the development of the male sex charactersitics during puberty

Front 22

sexual orientation

Back 22

an enduring sexual attraction toward members of either one's own sex (homosexual orientatio) or the other sex (heterosexual orientation)

Front 23

flow

Back 23

a completely involved, focused state of consciousness, with diminished awareness of self and time, resulting from optimal engagement of one's skills

Front 24

industiral organizational (I/O) psychology

Back 24

the application of psychological concepts and mehtods to optimizing human behavior in workplaces.

Front 25

personnel psychology

Back 25

a subfield of I/Opsychology that focuses on employee recruitment, selection, placement, training, appraisal, and development

Front 26

organizational psychology

Back 26

a subfield of IO psychology that exzamines organizational influences on worker satisfaction adn productvtivity an faciliates organizational change.

Front 27

structured interviews

Back 27

interview process tha tasks the same job relevant questions of all applicants, each of whom is rated on established scales.

Front 28

achievement motivation

Back 28

a desire for significant accomplishment: for mastery of things, people, or ideas; for attaining a high standard

Front 29

task leadership

Back 29

goal oriented leadershoip that sets standards, organizes work, and focuses attention on goals

Front 30

social leadership

Back 30

group oriented leadership that builds teamwork, mediates conflict, and offers support

Front 31

sexual response cycle

Back 31

the four statges of sexual responding described by masters and johnson- excitement, plateau, orgasm, and resolution.

Front 32

theory x

Back 32

assumes that workers are basically lazy, error prone, and extrinsically motivated by money and, thus should be directed from above.

Front 33

theory y

Back 33

assumes that, given challenge and freedom, workers are intrinsically motivated to achieve selfesteem and to demonstrate their competence and creativity.