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43 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
consciousness
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our awareness of ourselves and our enviornment
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biological rhythms
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periodic physiological fluctuations
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circadian rhythm
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the biological clock regular bodily rhythms (for example, of temperature and wakefulness) that occur on a 24 hour cycle.
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REM Sleep
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rapid eye movement sleep, a recurring sleep stage during which vivid dreams commonly occur. also known as PARADOXICAL SLEEP, because the muscles are relaxed (except for minor twitches)but other body systems are active
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alpha waves
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the relatively slow brain waves of a relaxed, awake state.
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sleep
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periodic, natural, reversible loss of consciouness-as distinct from unconsciouness resulting from a coma, general anestshesia, or hibernation.
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hallucinations
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false sensory experiences, such as seeing something in teh absense of an external visual stimulus
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delta waves
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the large, slwo brain waves associated with deep sleep
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insomnia
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recurring problems in falling or statying asleep
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narcolepsy
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a sleep disorder characterized by uncontrollable sleep attacks. teh sufferer may lapse directly into REM sleep often at inopporutne times.
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sleep apnea
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a sleep disorder characterized by temporary cessations of breathing during sleep an consequent momentary reawakenings
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night terors
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a sleep disorder characterzied by high arousal and an appearance of being terrified; unlike nightmares, night terrors occur during stage 4 sleep, wihin 2 or 3 hours of falilng asleep, and are seldom remembered.
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dream
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a sequence of images, emotions,k and thoughts passing throug a sleeping person's mind. deams are notable for their hallucinatory imager, discontinuities, and incongruities, and for the dreamer's delusional acceptance of the content and later difficulties remembering it.
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manifest content
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according to Freud, the remembered story line of a dream (as distinct form its latent content.)
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latent content
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according to freud, the underlying meaning of a dream (as distinct from its manifest content). freud believed that a dream's latent content functions as a safety valve.
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REM Bound
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teh tendency for Rem Sleep to increase following REm sleep deprivation (created by repeated awakening sduring REM Sleep.)
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hypnosis
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a social interaction in which one person (the hypnotist) suggests to another (the subject) that certain perceptions, feelings, thoughts, or behavior will spontaneously occur.
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posthyhypnotic amnesia
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supposed inability to recall what one experienced during hypnosis; induced by the hypnotist's suggestion
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posthypnotic suggestion
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a suggestion, made during a hypnosis session, to be carried out after the subject is no longer hypnotized; used by some clinicians to help control undesired symptoms and behaviors.
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dissociation
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a split in consciousness, which allows some thoughts and behaviors to occur simultaneously wiht others.
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hidden observer
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hilgard's term describing a hypnotized subject's awareness of experpeiecnes, such aas pain, that go unreported during hypnosis.
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psychoactive drug
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a chemical substance that alters perceptions and mood.
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tolerance
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the diminishing effect with regular use of the same dose of a drug, requiring the user to take larger and larger doses before experiencing the durg's effect
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withdrawal
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the discomfort and distress that follow discontinuting the use of an addictive drug
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physical dependence
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a physiological need for a drug, marked by unpleasant withdrawal symptoms when the drug is discontinued.
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psychological dependence
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a psychological ened to use a drug, such as to relieve negative emotions.
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depressants
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drugs(such as alcohol, barbituartes, adn opiates) that reduce neural activity and slow body functions.
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stimulants
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drugs (such as caffeine, nicotine, adn the more powerful amphetamines and cocain) that excite neural activity and speed up body functions
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hallucinogens
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psychedelic ("mindmanifesting") drugs, such as LSD, that distort perceptions and evoke sensory images in teh absence of sensory input.
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barbituarates
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drugs tha tdepress the acitivty of the central nervous system, reducing anxiety but impariting memory and judgement.
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opiates
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opum and its derivatives, such as morphine and heroin; they depress neural activity, temporarily lessening pain and anxiety.
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amphetamines
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drugs that stimulate nerual activity, casuing speeded up body functions and associated energy and mood changes
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ecstasy (MDMA)
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a synthetic stimulant andmild hallucinogen, produces euphoria and osical intimacy, but with short term health risks and longer terms harm to serotonin producing neurons and to mood and cognition.
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LSD
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a powerful hallucinogenic drug; also known as acid (lysergic acid diethylamide).
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THC
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the major active ingredient in marijuana; triggers a variety of effects, including mild hallucinations
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near death experience
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an altered state of consciousness reported after a close brush with death (such as through cardiac arrest); often similar to drug induced hallucinations.
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dualism
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the presumption that mind and body are two distinct entities that interact.
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monism
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the presumption that mind and body are different aspects of the same thing.
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annual cycles
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maybe give rise to seasonal variations in sleep length
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seasonal affective disorder
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some poepel in far northern regions may experience a depressed winter mood
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twenth eight day cyles
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female menstrual cycle
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twenty four hour cyles
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experience 24 hours of varying and falling alerness, body temperature and growh hormones.
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ninety minute cycles
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we cycle through various stages of sleep
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