Module 8-9

Front 1

1.It is initial cognitive response to behaviorism. It emphasized the importance of sensory wholes and the dynamic nature of visual perception.A.Gestalt TheoryB. Gestalt PsychologyC. Gestalt

Back 1

A-Gestalt Theory

Front 2

2. A law that elements that are closer together will be perceived as coherent object.A.Law of SimilarityB. Law of ProximityC.Law of Closure

Back 2

B- Law of Proximity

Front 3

3.A law that elements that look similar will be perceived as part of the same form. There seems to be a triangle in the square.We link similar elements togetherA.Law of SimilarityB. Law of ProximityC.Law of Closure

Back 3

A-Law of Similarity

Front 4

4.A law that we tend to fill the gaps or “close” the figures we perceive.A.Law of SimilarityB. Law of ProximityC.Law of Closure

Back 4

C- Law of Closure

Front 5

5. A law that Individuals have the tendency to continue contours whenever the elements of the pattern establish an implied direction. People tend to draw a good continuous line. A. Law of Good ContinuationB.Law of Good PragnanzC.Law of Figure/Ground

Back 5

A-Law of Good Continuation

Front 6

6.A law that the stimulus will be organized into as good as figure as possible. In this example, good refers to symmetry, simplicity, and regularity.A. Law of Good ContinuationB.Law of Good PragnanzC.Law of Figure/Ground

Back 6

A-Law of Good Pragnanz

Front 7

7.We tend to pay attention and perceive things in the foreground first. A. Law of Good ContinuationB.Law of Good PragnanzC.Law of Figure/Ground

Back 7

C-Law of Figure/Ground

Front 8

8.This theory state that an individual has inner and outer forces that affect his perceptions.A. Kurt Lewin's TheoryB. Gestalt TheoryC. Insights Learning

Back 8

A-Kurt Lewin's Theory

Front 9

9. Who are the psychologist who studied perception?A. Wolfgang,Max and KurtB. Kurt, Clark and ErwinC. Steven,Wolfgang and Clark

Back 9

A-Wolfgang ,Max and Kurt

Front 10

10. The word Gestalt is used in modern _____ to mean the way a thing has been “placed,” or “put together.”A.SpanishB. GermanC. Greek

Back 10

B-German

Front 11

11.There is no exact equivalent in English. “Form” and “shape” are the usual translations; in psychology the word is often interpreted as “pattern" or _____?A. ConfineB. ConfirmC. Configuration

Back 11

C-Configuration

Front 12

12.The idea of insight learning was first developed by ?A. Wolfgang KohlerB. Max WertheimerC. Kurt Koffka

Back 12

A-Wolfgang Kohler

Front 13

13. A psychologist that born in April 15,1880 in Prague Czech.A. Wolfgang KohlerB. Max WertheimerC. Kurt Koffka

Back 13

B- Max Wertheimer

Front 14

14. A psychologist that born in January 21,1887 in Reval Estonia.A. Wolfgang KohlerB. Max WertheimerC. Kurt Koffka

Back 14

A-Wolfgang Kohler

Front 15

15.A psychologist that born in March 18,1886 in Berlin, Germany.A. Wolfgang KohlerB. Max WertheimerC. Kurt Koffka

Back 15

C-Kurt Koffka

Front 16

16.When was Gestalt Psychology founded?A. 20th CenturyB. 19th CenturyC. 18th Century

Back 16

A- 20th Century

Front 17

17.This word is used in modern German to mean the way a thing has been “placed,” or “put together.”A. GestaltB. PsychologyC. Theory

Back 17

A-Gestalt

Front 18

18.Inner forces include his own .A.motivation, attitudes, and feelings. B. Motivation and Attitude onlyC. Thoughts and motivation, attitudes.

Back 18

A.motivation, attitudes, and feelings

Front 19

19.Outer forces may include the _______ and _____ of the teacher and classmates.A. Thoughts and AttitudeB. Feelings and MotivationC.Attitude and Behavior

Back 19

C-Attitude and Behavior

Front 20

20.According to the gestalt psychologists, the way we form our perceptions are guided byA. Gestalt TheoryB. Gestalt PrincipleC. Gestalt

Back 20

B-Gestalt Principles

Front 21

21.Learners were not passive, but rather active.

Back 21

True

Front 22

22.Learners do not just collect information as is but they actively process and restructure data in order to understand it.

Back 22

True

Front 23

23.Factors like past experiences, attention, attitudes and one’s present situation can affect their perception .

Back 23

False

Front 24

24.Gestalt psychology is focused on the experience of contact that occurs in the here and now.

Back 24

True

Front 25

25.Autonomy and freedom of the student is stimulated by the teacher.

Back 25

True

Front 26

26.The contact experience between the teachers and students is given value: an authentic meeting based on sharing ideas and affections.

Back 26

True

Front 27

27.Gestalt theory was the initial cognitive response to behaviorism.

Back 27

False

Front 28

28.Gestalt psychology was at the forefront of the cognitive psychology.

Back 28

True

Front 29

29.The word Gestalt is used in modern German to mean the way a thing has been “placed,” or “put together.”

Back 29

True

Front 30

30. The observer is reinforced by a third person, the observer might be modeling the actions of someone else.

Back 30

True

Front 31

31.People can't learn by observing the behavior of the others and the outcomes of those behaviors.

Back 31

False

Front 32

32.Learning can occur without a change in behavior.

Back 32

True

Front 33

33.The stimuli which are allowed in are not connected by just simple one-to-one switches to the outgoing responses.

Back 33

True

Front 34

34.Many behaviors can't be learned, at least partly, through modeling.

Back 34

False

Front 35

35.Modeling doesn't increases the frequency of similar behaviors.

Back 35

False

Front 36

36.To promote effective modeling, a teacher must make sure that the four essential conditions exist; attention, retention, motor reproduction, and motivation.

Back 36

True

Front 37

37.Teachers and parents must model appropriate behaviors and take that they do not model inappropriate behaviors.

Back 37

True

Front 38

38.Teachers should not expose students to a variety of other models. This technique is especially important to break down traditional stereotypes.

Back 38

False

Front 39

39.Students often learn a great deal simply by observing other people.

Back 39

True

Front 40

40. Describing the consequences of behavior can effectively increase the appropriate behaviors and decrease inappropriate ones.

Back 40

True

Front 41

41. _______ can be learned through models .

Back 41

Aggression

Front 42

42. Moral thinking and moral behavior are influenced by _________ and modeling.

Back 42

Observation

Front 43

43.________proposed that behavior can influence both the environment and the person.

Back 43

Bandura

Front 44

44.There is the _______, an actual person demonstrating the behavior.

Back 44

Live model

Front 45

45.There can also be a _______, which can be a person or action portrayed in some other medium, such as television, videotape, computer programs.

Back 45

Symbolic Model

Front 46

46._______can occur without a change in behavior.

Back 46

Learning

Front 47

47. Cognition plays a ______ in learning.

Back 47

Role

Front 48

48.Social learning theory can be considered a ______ or a transition between behaviorist learning theories and cognitive learning theories.

Back 48

Bridge

Front 49

49.Contemporary theory proposes that both reinforcement and punishment have _______ effects on learning.

Back 49

Indirect

Front 50

50._______may encourage previously forbidden behaviors.

Back 50

Modeling

Front 51

51.Reinforcement and punishment _____ the extent to which an individual exhibits a behavior that has been learned.

Back 51

Influence

Front 52

52.The expectation of reinforcement influences _______ processes that promote learning.

Back 52

Cognitive

Front 53

53. ________ pays a critical role in learning.

Back 53

Attention

Front 54

54. This is known as _____ ______. This where the model is reinforced for a response and then the observer shows an increase in that same response.

Back 54

Vicarious Reinforcement

Front 55

55. People can learn by ______ the behavior of the others and the outcomes of those behaviors.

Back 55

Observing

Front 56

56. The person must pay attention to the model .

Back 56

Attention

Front 57

57.The observer must be able to remember the behavior.

Back 57

Retention

Front 58

58.The third condition is the ability to replicate the behavior that the model has just demonstrated.

Back 58

Motor Reproduction

Front 59

59. The final necessary ingredient for modeling to occur is motivation. Learners must want to demonstrate what they have learned.

Back 59

Motivation

Front 60

60.It is a critical factor in learning.

Back 60

Attention

Front 61

61. A result of being reinforced, people form expectations about the consequences that future behaviors are likely to bring.

Back 61

Expectations

Front 62

62.It focuses on the leaning that occurs within a social context.

Back 62

Social learning theory

Front 63

63.Famous experiment on rats concluded that organism or individual to be exact learned the location and will select the shortest or easiest path to achieve goal. Ex. Going to school every day.

Back 63

Cognitive maps

Front 64

64.Variables that are not readily seen but serves as determinants of behavior. Learning is mediated or influenced by expectations, perceptions, representations, needs and other internal or environmental variables. Ex. Experiment on Rats - Hunger Reinforcement Not Essential

Back 64

The concept of Interning Variable

Front 65

65.Latent learning that remains or stays with the individual until needed. Learning that is outwardly manifested at once. Ex. A 2 yr. old handling remote for the first time.

Back 65

Latent Learning

Front 66

66. He considered as the leading proponent of the social learning theory.

Back 66

Albert Bantura

Front 67

67. It influences the cognitive processes that promote learning.

Back 67

Expectation

Front 68

68.Often linked between behaviorism and Cognitive Theory.

Back 68

Sign Learning Theory

Front 69

69.Can be learned through models.

Back 69

Aggression

Front 70

70.A type of model that the actual person demonstrating the behavior.

Back 70

Live model

Front 71

1-2 Two types of model.

Back 71

1. Live model

2. Symbolic Model

Front 72

4-6 According to Bandura there is four conditions that are necessary before an individual can be successfully model the behavior.

Back 72

Attention

Retention

Motor Production

Motivation

Front 73

7-9 The three psychologist that studied perception.

Back 73

Max Wertheimer

Wolfgang Kohler

Kurt koffka

Front 74

10-15Gestalt Principles

Back 74

Law of Proximity

Law of Similarity

Law of Closure

Law of Good Continuation

Law of Good Pragnanz

Law of Figure/Ground

Front 75

16-17 Two types of Forces that affect his perception .

Back 75

Inner Force

Outer Force

Front 76

18-20 Give three concept of Tolman's key Concepts

Back 76

Cognitive Maps

Latent Learning

The concept of intervening Variable

Front 77

What is modification? 5pts.

Back 77

Usually a modification means a change in what is being taught to or expected from the student. Making an assignment easier so the student is not doing the same level of work as other students is an example of a modification.