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68 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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It is a structure for passage of air |
Meatus |
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It is a structure to increase the surface area of the nasal cavity |
Conchae |
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Give an example of gasses exchanged in the conchae |
Oxygen or Carbon dioxide |
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What are the parts of conchae? |
Superior, middle, and inferior |
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What conchae makes up the ethmoid bone? |
Superior and middle nasal conchae |
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What bone does the inferior nasal conchae make up? |
Inferior nasal conchae |
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What type of epithelium is found in the nasal conchae? |
Respiratory epithelium |
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It is the organ that has the greatest surface area |
Lungs |
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Where will the air exit from the nasal conchae? |
To the nasopharynx through the internal nares |
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What are the three tonsils in the respiratory system? |
Pharyngeal, Lingual, and Palatine tonsils |
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What is the main function of the tonsils? |
For protection |
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What does the tonsil secrete? |
Immune cells |
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It is the opening to the auditory tube |
Eustachian tube |
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It covers part of the nasal cavity, part of the oral, and larynx. |
Nasopharynx |
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It is the part of the pharynx that covers the larynx; a crucial connection point through which food, water, and air pass |
Laryngopharynx |
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It is a pendulum-like structure that helps in the opening and closing of the mouth area when we swallow food |
Uvula |
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It is the cell that secretes mucous |
Goblet cell |
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It is the tiny hair found in the respiratory epithelium |
Cilia |
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It is the cell that secretes antimicrobial peptide |
Seromucous gland |
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It is the AMP secreted by the seromucous gland |
Defensins |
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TRUE or FALSE: The natural microflora in the respiratory tract is susceptible to AMP. |
FALSE: They are immune |
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The epithelium found in the respiratory epithelium is _________. |
Pseudostratified columnar epithelium |
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It is a structure that traps water vapor during exhalation |
Nasal meatus |
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TRUE or FALSE: It is humid in the nasal meatus |
TRUE |
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It is where air exits from the nasal cavity to the nasopharynx |
Internal nares |
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What are the 3 divisions of pharynx and the epithelium found in each? |
Nasopharynx (Pseudostratified ciliated columnar), oropharynx (Stratified squamous), and laryngopharynx (Stratified squamous) |
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It is a structure found in the voice box; contains 3 major cartilage |
Larynx (epiglottis, thyroid cartilage, and cricoid cartilage) |
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What are the small cartilages in the larynx? |
Cuneiform, corniculate, arytenoid |
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Where does the cuneiform, corniculate, and arytenoid cartilage attach to? |
Epiglottis |
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It is a structure made up of mucousal membrane, which secretes mucous |
False vocal cord or vestibular fold |
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It is connected to arytenoid cartilage and affects the pitches due to thickness |
Vocal cord or vocal fold |
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It is the medical term for swallowing |
Deglutition |
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It is the medical term for chewing |
Mastication |
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What are the two events during swallowing? |
Larynx and pharynx are lifted and the pharynx expands |
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Why does the pharynx expand? |
To accommodate bolus, results in the closure of epiglottis, or for bolus to go straight to the esophagus |
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What is the tissue found in the trachea? |
Pseudostratified columnar epithelium |
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It is the main structure that makes up the trachea |
Hyaline cartilage |
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It is the structure where the primary bronchii branch out |
Carina |
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TRUE or FALSE: Carina is part of the respiratory zone |
FALSE: Carina is part of the conducting zone |
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What is the main function of carina |
Trap debris |
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What stimulates the carina? |
Neurons |
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It is the first structure of the respiratory system |
Alveolar duct |
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What comprises the respiratory zone? |
Alveoli + capillaries |
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It is the zone where gas exchange occurs |
Respiratory zone |
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It is the type of cell mainly involved in the gas exchange |
Type I alveolar cell |
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It is the cell that secretes pulmonary surfactant |
Type II alveolar cell |
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It is the lubrication inside the alveoli |
Pulmonary surfactant |
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It is the alveolar cell that kills invading pathogens that bypasses the conducting zone |
Alveolar macrophage |
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The respiratory membrane separates which structures? |
Type I alveolar cell and capillary |
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It is the middle of inspiration |
Mid-inspiration |
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It is the end of respiration |
end respiration |
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it is the end of expiration |
End expiration |
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It is the respiratory capacity for unconscious breathing |
Tidal volume |
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It is an accessory muscle that accounts when trying to inhale more; expanding the lungs to more volume |
Scalene |
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The extra amount of air that can be expired |
Expiratory Reserve Volume (ERV) |
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The volume of air that is left in the lungs after maximum forceful expiration |
Residual Volume (RV) |
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Its volume is to maintain the structure of lungs, so it won't collapse |
Residual Volume (RV) |
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It is the summation or addition of volumes |
Capacity |
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IRV + TV = ? |
Inspiratory capacity |
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ERV + RV = ? |
Functional residual capacity |
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IRV + TV + ERV = ? |
Vital capacity |
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IRV + TV + ERV + RV = ? |
Total lung capacity |
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What is Dalton's law? |
The total pressure by a mixture of gases is equal to the sum of the partial pressures of each of the constituent gases |
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What is the partial pressure of nitrogen? |
597.4 |
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What is the partial pressure of oxygen? |
158.8 |
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What is the partial pressure of water? |
3.0 |
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What is the partial pressure of carbon dioxide? |
0.3 |
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What does the seromucous gland secrete? |
Lysozyme and AMP (Defensins) |
