Module 6 Vocab Set 4

Front 1

microtubules

Back 1

spiral strands of protein molecules that form a tubelike structure

Front 2

nuclear membrane

Back 2

a highly-porous membrane that separates the nucleus from the cytoplasm

Front 3

chromatin

Back 3

clusters of DNA, RNA, and proteins in the nucleus of a cell

Front 4

cytoskeleton

Back 4

a network of fibers that holds the cell together, helps the cell to keep its shape, and aids in movements

Front 5

microfilaments

Back 5

fine, threadlike proteins found in the cell's cytoskeleton

Front 6

intermediate filaments

Back 6

threadlike proteins in the cell's cytoskeleton that are roughly twice as thick as microfilaments

Front 7

phospholipid

Back 7

a lipid in which one of the fatty acid molecules has been replaced by a molecule that contains a phosphate group

Front 8

passive transport

Back 8

movement of molecules through the plasma membrane according to the dictates of osmosis or diffusion

Front 9

active transport

Back 9

movement of molecules through the plasma membrane (typically opposite the dictates of osmosis or diffusion) aided by a process that requires energy

Front 10

isotonic solution

Back 10

a solution in which the concentration of solutes is essentially equal to that of the cell which resides in the solution

Front 11

hypertonic solution

Back 11

a solution in which the concentration of solutes is greater than that of the cell that resides in the solution

Front 12

plasmolysis

Back 12

collapse of a walled cells's cytoplasm due to a lack of water

Front 13

cytolysis

Back 13

the rupturing of a cell due to excess internal pressure

Front 14

hypotonic solution

Back 14

a solution in which the concentration of solutes is less than that of the cell that resides in the solution

Front 15

activation energy

Back 15

energy necessary to get a chemical reaction going