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29 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What is the integumentary system? |
Layered cutaneous membranes and associated appendages |
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Define epidermis |
superficial layer composed of stratified squamous epithelium |
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Define dermis |
deep layer composed of connective tissue and containing blood vessels, lymph vessels and nerves |
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How thick does the epidermis and dermis measure? |
1mm |
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Six functions of the skin |
- Excretes waste - Protection - Sensory reception - Thermoregulation - Blood reservoir 5% - Metabolic functions (Vit D) |
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What are the 4 types of epithelial cells in the epidermis? |
- Keratinocytes - Melanocytes - Langerhans cells - Merkel cells/ discs |
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What is the function of normal flora of the skin? |
'crowd out' potentially harmful bacteria, preventing pathogens gaining access to the body |
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What do keratinocytes produce? |
Keratin |
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Define melanocyte? |
a mature melanin-forming cell, especially in the skin |
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Where are langerhans cells most prominent? |
Stratum spinosum |
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Define langerhans cells |
-antigen-presenting immune cells - contain large granules called Birbeck granules |
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What is the function of Merkel cells? |
- closely associated with the unmyelinated tip of a nerve fiber - probably functions in tactile sensory perception |
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Where are Merkel cells most prominent? |
Stratum basale |
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Rows of clear, dead keratinocytes and helps to reduce friction between the epidermal cell layers |
Stratum lucidum |
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Main 4 layers of the epidermis |
- Stratum corneum - Stratum granulosum - Stratum spinosum - Stratum basale |
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Which epidermis layer is filled with keratin? |
Stratum corneum |
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5 layers of flattened cells and lamellar granules |
Stratum granulosum |
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The deepest epidermal layer |
Stratum basale |
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Thick connective tissue layer that lies just below the stratum basale of the epidermis |
Dermis |
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Two layers of the dermis |
Papillary and reticular |
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80% of the dermis including adipose tissue and dense irregular CT |
Reticular layer |
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What are nails made of? |
Hardened keratinized cells |
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Why are fingerprints unique? |
Dermal papillae pushes up against stratum basale and creates uneven ridges |
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4 appendages of the skin |
Nails, hair & follicles, eccrine glands, apocrine glands |
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Muscle that moves hair follicle |
Arrector pili |
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Functions of sebum (3) |
- Lubricates hair and skin - Slows water loss - Kills bacteria |
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The only type of holocrine gland |
Suboriferous glands: produce and secrete sebum |
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Difference between eccrine and apocrine sweat glands |
Eccrine- opens through pore Apocrine- opens through hair follicles |
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In which strata of the epidermis reside melanocytes? |
Stratum basale |
