Module 6

Front 1

tonic-clonic seziure

Back 1

a generalized seziure, formerly know as "grand-mal" most dramatic of seziures, occurs without warning has two phases

Front 2

tonic phase

Back 2

stiffening
rolling of eyes upward and immedite loss of consciousness, muscles stiffen, increased salivation
last 10-20 secs

Front 3

clonic phase

Back 3

jerking
rigidity is replaced with intense jerking movements, cannot control oral secretions
lasts few seconds to 30 min or longer

Front 4

most common seziure in 1st year of life?

Back 4

febrile

Front 5

ictal state

Back 5

during the seizure

Front 6

postictal state

Back 6

period following the seizure

Front 7

aura

Back 7

a sensation or sensory phenomenon that reflects the complicated connections and integrative functions of that area of the brain

Front 8

most frequent cause of uncontrolled seizures in kids?

Back 8

birth injuries, acute infections, idiopathic epilepsy

Front 9

SE of seizure meds

Back 9

dilation [phenytoin]-- gingival hyperplasia, changes in personality, hyperactivity

Front 10

partial seziure

Back 10

originating in a single area of the brain
simple: no loss of consciousness
complex: impaired or loss of consciousness

Front 11

generalized seizures

Back 11

occur bilaterally or from several sites

Front 12

absence seizures

Back 12

sudden, brief loss of awareness w/ or w/out loss of mm tone

Front 13

myoclonic seizures

Back 13

sudden, violent muscle contractions w/out loss of consciousness

Front 14

febrile seizures

Back 14

temp exceeds 101.8 F or 38.8 C
transient disorders of children

Front 15

anticonvulsants

Back 15

inhibit chemical activity in brain that stimulate seizures

SE= lethary and photosensitivity, weight gain, cognitive impairment

Front 16

Signs of Cerebral Palsy

Back 16

delayed gross motor development, abnormal motor performance, alteration in muscle tone, abnormal posture, reflex abnormalities, clonus, seizures, mental retardation, sensory impairment, GI problems

Front 17

Spastic CP

Back 17

MOST COMMON
hypertonicity poor control
attempts at movement only worsen the problem, very limited fine motor skill

Front 18

Dyskinetic CP

Back 18

writhing wormlike movement of extremities [athetosis], worsen with stress, involves muscles of breathing and speech, abnormal voluntary movement

Front 19

Ataxic CP

Back 19

wide-based gait, rapid, repetitive movement done poorly, purposeful movement worsens condition

Front 20

meningitis

Back 20

inflammation of the meningeal tissue, infection of arachnoid matter and CSF

Front 21

kernig sign

Back 21

child lies supine, flexes knee and hip, then extends knee. if pain occurs then positive sign

Front 22

brudsinski sign

Back 22

child lies supine, bends neck forward. if knees flex spontaneously, then positive sign

Front 23

S/S of meningitis

Back 23

severe headache, n/v, stiff neck, increase ICP, photophobia, fever, coma

Front 24

risk factors for meningitis

Back 24

young and old
immune deficiencies, CNS abnormalities, sickle cell, cystic fibrosis, diabetes

Front 25

organisms causing meningitis

Back 25

steptococcus pneumoniae, neisseria meningitis [worst!]

Front 26

meningitis tx

Back 26

isolation precautions, antimicrobial therapy, maintenance of hydration, encourage rest, dark room, contol temps,

Front 27

complications of meningitis

Back 27

brain damage, hearing loss, learning disability

Front 28

Bell's Palsy

Back 28

a disruption of cranial nerve VII
one sided flaccid face, mouth drooping and droling, can't smile, frown, close eyelid, loss of taste on one side

Front 29

Trigeminal neuralgia

Back 29

chronic pain condition affecting the sensory part of CNV
excruciating pain of lips, gums, cheek, forehead, side of nose, involuntary twitching, grimacing, blinking, tearing of the eye

Front 30

stroke

Back 30

BRAIN ATTACK
death of brain tissue because of lack of oxygen

Front 31

modifiable risks

Back 31

one you can change!
HTN, CAD, smoking, drugs, obesity, metabolic syndrome, exercise, diet

Front 32

non-modifiable risks

Back 32

can't change
gender, race, heredity

Front 33

ischemic stroke

Back 33

inadequate blood flow to brain

MOST COMMON

Front 34

thrombotic stroke

Back 34

injury to blood vessel wall, slow onset, has warning signs (TIAs)

Front 35

embolic stroke

Back 35

embolus lodges in and occludes cerebral artery, sudden onset, atrial fib

Front 36

Hemmorrhagic Stroke

Back 36

bleeding into brain tissue itself or subarachnoid space, sudden onset

cause: HTN

Front 37

Intracebrebral hemorrhage

Back 37

caused by rupture vessel, cause by HTN, complain of "worst headache of my life", 70% die soon after occurance

Front 38

Subarachnoid hemorrhage

Back 38

bleeding in CSF, caused by rupture of cerebral aneurysm
"worst headache of my life," with nausea and vomiting

Front 39

Right Brain Stroke

Back 39

Left side
spatial-perceptual deficit [agnosia,apraxia, HH], impulsive-moves quickly, impaired perception of time

Front 40

Left Brain Stroke

Back 40

Right side
cautious with judgement, slow, speech problems [aphasia, dysphasia], memory problems with lanuage, don't remember words

Front 41

agnosia

Back 41

can not recognize objects

Front 42

apraxia

Back 42

cannot complete motor skills

Front 43

Homonymous Hemianopsia
[HH]

Back 43

half blind in each eye

Front 44

aphasia

Back 44

without speech

Front 45

dysphasia

Back 45

difficulty speaking

Front 46

Hemorrhagic Stroke S/S

Back 46

change in pupil size, BAD headache, n/v, brain tumors