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18 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Define Data, Information and Database |
Raw facts that describe the characteristics of an event
Data converted into a meaningful and useful context
Maintains information about various types of objects (inventory), events (transactions), people (employees), and places (warehouses) |
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Whats the difference between data and information? |
Data shares exchange in the stock market
Information tells you about the stock, a.k.a. How did it perform over time or compared to other stocks |
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Why is Data Management important? |
Data is everywhere in an organization
Data have become central and even vital to organizations
Organizatiosn need to manage their data assets very carefully to make sure that the data are easily accessed by managers and employees across the organization |
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What are examples of transactional data and Analytical information? |
Airline Ticket, Sales Receipt, Packing Slip
Product Statistics, Sales Projections, Future Growth, Trends |
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What are the combinations of Transactional Data and Analytical Information (from bottom to top)? |
Transactional, Processes, Analytical
Fine, Granularity, Coarse
Organizational Levels: Analysts, Managers, Executives
Online Transaction Processing, Processing, Online Analytical Processing |
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What is Data Management and what are the components of the life cycle? |
A structured approach for capturing, storing, processing, integrating, distributing, securing, and archiving data effectively throughout their life cycle.
Data Sources and Databases -> Data Storage -> Data Analysis -> Results -> Solutions |
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What are the Data Principles? |
- Principle of diminishing data value
- Principle of 90/90 data use
- Principle of data in context |
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What is the goal of data management? |
To provide the infrastructure and tools to transform raw data into usable information of the highest quality. |
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What are the Data Management Challenges? |
- Volume of data is increasing exponentially - Data is scattered throughout the organization - Data is created and used offline without going through quality control checks - Data may be redundant and out-of-date, creating a huge maintenance problem |
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Place in order of hierarchy (from bottom to top) and define the parts of File Organization |
Bit: Smallest unit of data; binary digit Byte: Group of bits that represents a single character Field: Group of words or a complete number Record: Group of related fields Database: Group of records of same type |
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What is the problem with Traditional (stand-alone) File Organization? |
Data redundancy: The presence of duplicate data in multiple data files so that the same data are stored in more than one place or location. Data inconsistency: The same attribute may have different values. Data Isolation, Lack of data sharing and availability: Information cannot flow freely across different functional areas or different parts of the organization. Poor security: Management may have no knowledge of who is accessing or making changes to the organization's data |
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What is DBMS and what does it do? |
Database Management System: A software package to create and maintain databases - Acts as interface between application programs and physical data files - Separates logical and physical views of data - Permits organizations to centralize data, manage them efficiently, and give application programs access to the stored data |
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How does DBMS use many data sources? |
- Clickstream data from Web and e-commerce applications - Detailed data form POS terminals - Filtered data from CRM, supply chain, and enterprise resource planning applications |
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Define and give examples of Entity, Entity class (table) and Attributes |
Entity: A person, place, transaction, or event about which information is stored Ex. The rows in each Table contain the entities
Entity class (table): Collection of similar entities Ex. Customer, Order, Order line
Attributes (fields, columns): Characteristics or properties of an entity class Ex. The columns in each table contain the attributes |
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What is Relational DBMS? Name some examples |
- Represents data as two-dimensional tables - Relates data across tables based on common data element Ex. MS Access, DB2, Oracle, MS SQL Server |
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What are the types of keys in databases? What do they do? |
Primary Key: A field (or group of fields) that uniquely identifies a given entity in a table
Foreign key: A primary key of one table that appears as an attribute in another table and acts to provide a logical relationship between the two tables
They identify the various entity classes (tables) in the database |
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What are the three basic operations in a relational DBMS? |
Select: Creates subset of rows that meet specific criteria
Join: Combines relational tables to provide users with information
Project: Enables users to create new tables containing only relevant information |
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What are the functions of a DBMS? |
Data filtering and profiling: Inspecting the data for errors, inconsistencies, redundancies, and incomplete information. Data quality: Correcting, standardizing, and verifying the integrity of the data. Data synchronization: Integrating, matching, or linking data from disparate sources. Data enrichment: Enhancing data using information from internal and external data sources. Data maintenance: Checking and controlling data integrity over time. |
