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20 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Regions of a Cell |
- Plasma/cell membrane - Cytoplasm - Nucleus |
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Plasma Membrane (General) |
- Very thin and delicate, and very complex. - Consistency of olive oil, and the structures within it move about when necessary |
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Plasma Membrane (Structures) |
- Phospholipid bilayer - Phosphate layer is hydrophilic - Lipid tails are hydrophobic |
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Glycoproteins |
- Act as identification markers to distinguish between body tissue and foreign tissue |
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Ribosomes |
- Synthesize proteins. - Either attached to endoplasmic reticulum or are "free" in the cytoplasm |
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Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum |
- Contains the ribosomes where protein is synthesized |
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Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum |
- Site of steroid synthesis. No ribosomes attached |
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Golgi Apparatus (complex) |
-"Traffic director" of proteins - Looks like a stack of plates - Packages proteins from the rough endoplasmic reticulum for delivery inside or outside the cells - Adds other molecules in some proteins |
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Lysosomes |
- "Housecleaners" - Sacs that bud off of the Golgi plates - Enzymes "eat" worn-out cell parts, dead cells, bacteria, etc |
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Peroxiomes |
- Digest normal toxic by-products of cellular metabolism. - Numerous in liver and kidney cells |
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Centrioles |
- Pair of rod-shaped structures that are perpendicular to one another - Separate chromosomes during mitosis (cell division) |
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Nuclear Envelope |
- Double-layered membrane surrounding the nucleus |
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Nucleolus |
Makes ribosomes and chromatin (contains the genes) |
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Chromatin |
- Complex network of threads containing DNA - Forms into chromosomes when the cell is about to divide |
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Osmosis |
- Diffusion of water across a selectively permeable membrane from high concentration of water to low |
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Isotonic Solution |
- The solute concentration in the solution is equal to the solute concentration in the RBC. The water is in equilibrium - Shape remains the same |
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Hypertonic Solution |
- The solute concentration of the solution contains more solutes than in the RBC. - The water will leave the cell by osmosis, and cause the cell to shrink, or crenate |
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Hypotonic Solution |
- The solute concentration of this solution contains less solutes than the RBC - Some water will enter the cell by osmosis, causing the cell to expand. It may burst or hemolyze |
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Filtration |
- Movement of water and dissolved substances from an area of high pressure to low pressure |
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Pinocytosis |
- "Cell drinking" |
