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12 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Sensation |
The process by which our sensory receptors and nervous system receive and represent stimulus energies from our environment |
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Perception |
The process of organizing and interpreting sensory information, enabling us to recognize meaningful events and objects |
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Bottom-Up processing |
Analysis that begins with sensory receptors and works up to the brain's integration of sensory information |
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Top-down Processing |
Information processing guided by higher-level mental processes, as when we construct perceptions drawing on our experience and expectations. |
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Psychophysics |
The study of relationships between the physical characteristics of stimuli, such as their intensity, and our psychological experience of them. |
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Absolute Threshold |
the minimum stimulation needed to detect a particular stimulus 50% of the time. |
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Signal Detection Theory |
a theory predicting how and when we detect the presence of a faint stimulus (signal) amid background stimulation (noise). Assumes there is no single absolute threshold and that detection depends partly on a person's experience, expectations, motivation, and alertness. |
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Subliminal |
below one's absolute threshold for conscious awareness |
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Priming |
The activation, often unconsciously, of certain associations, thus predisposing one's perception, memory, or response |
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Difference threshold |
the minimum difference between two stimuli required for detection 50 percent of the time. We experience the difference threshold as a just noticeable difference. JNS. |
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Weber's Law |
The principle that, to be perceived as different, two stimuli must differ by a constant minimum percentage (rather than a constant amount). |
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Sensory Adaptation |
Diminished sensitivity as a consequence of constant stimulation. |
