Module 12

Front 1

circulatory anatomy and physiology

Back 1

1.anatomy: heart, blood vessels

2. physiology: pumps blood

Front 2

digestive system anatomy and physiology

Back 2

anatomy: mouth, esophagus, stomach, small intestines, bowel, rectum, anus

physiology: regulates metabolism, stores fat for energy, regulates hormones, repaires injured tissue.

Front 3

endocrine system anatomy and physiology

Back 3

anatomy: glads

physiology: regulates matabolism, stores fat for energy, regulates hormones, repaires injured tissue.

Front 4

integumentary system anatomy and physiology

Back 4

anatomy: skin layers

physiology: controls temp. keeps germs out.

Front 5

musculoskeletal system anatomy and physiology

Back 5

anatomy: bones, muscles, tendons, ligaments

physiology: enables movement

Front 6

nervous system antomy and physiology

Back 6

anatomy: brain, spinal cord, nerves

physiology: sends messages throughout the body

Front 7

respiratory system anatomy and physiology

Back 7

anatomy: nasal passage, mouth, trachea, lungs

physiology: circulates O2

Front 8

urinary system anatomy and physiology

Back 8

anatomy: kidneys,ureters, bladder,urethra

physiology: manintains fluid balance, eliminates water.

Front 9

cardiovascular system potential problems

Back 9

1. heart muscle loses strength
2. arteries/veins get narrower,reduces blood flow.
3.less O2 to entire body causing slower healing.

Front 10

digestive system potential probloms

Back 10

1.less saliva production
2.more difficilty swallowing
3.loss of teeth, harder to chew.
4.less taste, less appetite.
5.more frequent constipation.
6.more indigestion

Front 11

endorcrine system potential probloms

Back 11

1.decressed hormone levels
2.less body water so wt. loss.
3.less ability to handle stess.
4.more likely to become ill.
5.takes longer to get well.

Front 12

musculoskelotal system patential probloms

Back 12

1.muscle atrophy,lose strength
2.bone density,get more brittle.
3.joints less flexible
4.gradual ht. loss.

Front 13

nervous system potentail probloms

Back 13

1.decresed brain cells
2.less blood to brain.
3.forgets recent events.

Front 14

reproductive system potential probloms

Back 14

1.less ability to get,maintain erection in men.
2.menopause in woman.
3.reduced vaginal lubrication.

Front 15

respiration system potential problom

Back 15

1.lungs lose strenth
2.more lung deposits possible
3.harder to breath
4.increased risk of secreion accumulating in the lungs

Front 16

sensory system potential probloms

Back 16

1.reduced vision,hearing,taste,smell.
2.redused sense of touch, less likely to feel pain.
3.voice muscles lose stength.

Front 17

integumentary system potential probloms

Back 17

1.skin dries,less elastic,tears easily.
2.wrinkles,age spots appear.
3.skin loses fatty layer so person gets cooler.
4.surface blood vessels weaken.
5.nails thicken, toughen
6.hair turns grey,falls out
7.skin bruises ealily.

Front 18

urinary system potential probloms

Back 18

1.reduced kidney function.
2.less bladder control,incontinence
3.more frequent urination.

Front 19

cardiovascular system, what to do

Back 19

1.work w/ care team to develop exercises.
2.stimulate circulation w/ movement.
3.pace activities.
4.report tiring from exercises.
5.elevate legs
6.keep extremities warm.

Front 20

digestive system, what to do

Back 20

1.encourage fluids
2.allow plenty of time to eat.
3.make sure dentures are in place if used
4.encourage frequent toileting and establish bowel movement regularity.
5.season foods as per diet.

Front 21

endocrine system, what can we do

Back 21

1.wash hands often and well.
2.keep surroundings clean to prevent infection.
3.reduce stress and avoid sschedule changes.
4.offer encouragement, not criticism.

Front 22

musculoskeletal system, what can we do

Back 22

1.avoid falls, hip fractures can be deadly.
2.position and walk as indicated in the care plan.
3.encourage ROM
4.encourage the p.t. to do as many ADL's as possible.

Front 23

nervous system, what can we do?

Back 23

1.do not rush p.t.
2.allow time for decisions
3.avoid abrupt scheule changes
4.encourage thinking,reading,mental exercise

Front 24

reproductive system, what can we do?

Back 24

1.recognize that people are sexual beings.
2.allow privacy for sex life.
3.be willing to discuss sex openly.
4.never tease,criticize,or embarrass a person.

Front 25

respiration system, what can we do?

Back 25

1.get person out of bed often
2.encourage exercises.
3.encourage coughing and deep-breathing exercises.

Front 26

sensory system, what can we do?

Back 26

1.encourage use of glasses and hearing aids if needed.
2.speak slowly and clearly.
3.listen carefully when a person speaks.
4.encourage good nutrition even though the food may not taste good to the person.

Front 27

integumentary system,what can we do about it?

Back 27

1.if bedridden, change positions frequently to help prevent pressure sores.
2.smooth wrinkles from linen.
3.keep skin clean and dry.
4.use lotions for moisture.
5.remove safty hazards
6.use extreme care clipping nails.
7.layer bed covers for warmth.
8.encourage fluid intake.

Front 28

urinary system, what can we do about it?

Back 28

1.encourage daytime drinking of fluids.
2.if the person is incontinent,do not criticize.
3.follow bladder training program, toilet at least every two hours.
4.position properly for urinating.
5.keep clean and dry.

Front 29

dementia

Back 29

is not a disease, but a Sx of the brain malfunctioning.

Front 30

dementia

Back 30

the effect on the p.t. is decreased ability to think clearly, personality change, and impaired judgment.

Front 31

reality orientation

Back 31

treatment for confused p.t. that includes repetition of things including the time, date, and there name.

Front 32

validation therapy

Back 32

you "validate" the person by accepting what the person says and how they feel.