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37 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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System |
A set of two or more interrelated components that interact to achieve a goal |
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Systems Concept |
The system development idea that changes in subsystems cannot be made without without considering the effect on other sub-systems and the system as a whole |
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Goal Conflict |
The decision or action of a subsystem is inconsistent with the goals of another sub-system or the system as a whole. |
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Goal Congruence |
A subsystem achieves its goals while contributing to the organization's overall goal. |
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Integration |
Elimination of duplicate recording, storage, reporting, and other processing activities in an organization. |
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Data |
Facts that are collected, recorded, stored, and processed by information systems |
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What are some types of data collected by organizations? |
Facts about the activities that take place, the resources affected by the activities, and the people who participate in the activity. |
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Information |
Data that have been organized and processed to provide meaning to a user. |
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Information Overload |
The limit of the amount of information a human mind can process has been passed. |
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Value of Information |
The benefit produced by the information minus the cost of producing it. |
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Characteristics of Useful Information |
Relevant Reliable Concise Timely Understandable Verifiable Accessible |
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Relevant |
Reduces uncertainty, improves decision maker's ability to make predictions, confirms or corrects prior expectations. |
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Reliable |
Free from error or bias and accurately represents the events or activities of the organization |
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Complete |
Does not omit any important aspects of the underlying events or activities it measures |
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Timely |
Provided in time for decision makers to make decisions |
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Verifiable |
Two knowledgeable people acting independently would each produce the same information. |
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Accessible |
Available to users when they need it in a format they can use |
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Three types of information supplied to external users |
Mandatory Essential Discretionary |
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Six Components of AIS |
People who operate the system Procedures and instructions Data Software Information Technology infrastructure Internal controls and security measures |
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Three Business Functions of AIS |
Collect and store data Transform data so management can plan, execute, control, and evaluate activities, resources and personnel Provide controls to safeguard assets |
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Factors Influencing Design of AIS |
Organization Culture Business Strategy Information Technology |
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Five Primary Activities of a Value Chain |
Inbound Logistics Operations Outbound Logistics Marketing and Sales Service |
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Four Support Activities of a Value Chain |
Firm Infrastructure Human resources Technology Purchasing |
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Components of a Supply Chain |
Raw materials supplier Manufacturer Distributor Retailer Consumer |
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Ways AIS Adds Value to an Organization |
Improving quality and reducing costs of products Improving efficiency Sharing Knowledge Improving the supply chain Improving internal controls Improving decision making. |
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Ways Information Can Improve Decision Making |
Identifies situations requiring management action Reduces uncertainty in choosing alternatives Results of previous decisions Accurate information in a timely manner |
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Structured Decision |
Routine Repetative Understood well enough they can be delegated |
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Semistructured Decision |
Incomplete decision making rules Need for subjective assessments and judgements |
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Unstructured Decision |
Nonrecurring Nonroutine No framework or model exists |
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Operational Control |
Effective and efficient performance of specific tasks. Inventory management, extending credit |
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Management Control |
Effective and efficient use of resources for accomplishing objectives Budgeting, developing HR practices, deciding research projects |
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Strategic Planning |
Establishing organizational objectives and policies for achieving them. Setting financial and accounting policies. |
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Variety-Based Strategic Position |
Producing or providing a subset of the industries services. Jiffy Lube |
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Needs-Based Strategic Position |
Trying to serve the needs of most or all of a group of customers in a target market AARP |
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Access-Based Strategic Position |
Serving a subset of customers who differ from other customers in geographic location or size. Edward Jones |
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Synergy |
The entire system of organization activities is greater than the sum of its parts |
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Predictive Analysis |
Uses data warehouses and algorithms to forecast future events based on historical data. |
