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196 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Define Anatomy |
The study of a structure of a body or organism |
Structure |
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Define physiology |
Study of functions preformed by the various systems of the body to maintain homeostasis. |
Function |
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How do anatomy & physiology work together. |
Structure and function cannot be separated; structure influences function, function influences structure. |
Structure and function |
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Developmental Anatomy |
How anatomy changes over the life cycle |
Change |
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Gross anatomy |
The study of body structures large enough to be visible to the naked eye |
To the naked eye |
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Regional anatomy |
The study of structures of a particular area |
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Systemic anatomy |
The study of the body divided into systems that contribute to the same function. |
Contribute |
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Surface anatomy |
The study of internal organs & structures related to the overlaying skin surface. |
Skin surface |
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Organizational physiology |
The study of the body organization |
Study of |
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Pathophysiology |
The study of disease |
Study of |
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List in order from smallest to largest, the organizational levels of a body structure: |
Chemical, organelle, cell, tissue, organ, organ system, organism |
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Define Metabolism |
The ability to convert food, air and water into energy |
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Define energy |
The capacity to do work |
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How do nutrients affect metabolism |
The body breaks down and stores or uses the food particles for energy ( poor nutrients = low energy) |
Converts |
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ATP |
Adenosine Triphosphate |
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ATP - Adenosine Triphosphate |
Is the primary carrier of energy in cells and helps supply energy for the body to work properly |
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List four types of tissue found in the body |
Connective, neural, muscle, and epithelial |
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What is the most abundant type of tissue in the body |
Connective |
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Define membrane |
A thin sheet-like layer of tissue that covers a cell, organ or a structure. |
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Cutaneous membranes |
Covers the surface of the body that is exposed to the outside world |
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Serous membrane |
Line the body cavities not exposed to the external environment |
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Mucous membrane |
Found on the surface of tubes that open to the exterior |
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Collagenous fibers |
Extendable fibers found in stretchy tissues |
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Reticular fibers |
Tough and strong fibers with minimal stretch ability and high tensile strength |
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Elastic fibers |
Delicate fibers found in stretchy tissues |
Delicate |
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Matrix |
Most abundant tissue found in the body |
Abundant |
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Connective tissue |
A non living material surrounding tissues |
Surrounds |
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Decrease in the size of a cell |
Atrophy |
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Increase in the size of a cell |
Hypertrophy |
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Life cycle of a cell |
Interphase (growth) & Reproduction |
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" Liquid tissue " floating in plasma which contains no fibers therefore it helps maintain heat, resist infection and transport substances |
Blood |
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Define homeostasis |
The relatively constant state maintained by the physiology of the body |
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Name the body systems |
Skeletal, Muscular, Urinary, Nervous, Integumentary, Cardiovascular, Lymphatic, Digestive, Endocrine, Respiratory, Reproductive. |
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Organs Contained In the skeletal system |
Bones, Joints, Cartilage. |
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Organs Contained In the Muscular System
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Cardiac, smooth and skeletal muscles |
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Organs Contained In the urinary system
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Kidneys, bladder,ureters. |
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Organs contained in the integumentary system |
Skin |
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Organs Contained in the Cardiovascular System |
Hearts, Veins, Arteries. |
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Organs contained in the Lymphatic System |
Lymph nodes, spleen |
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Organs contained In the Digestive System |
Stomach, Intestines |
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Organs contained in the Endocrine System |
Hormones, glands |
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Organs contained in the Respiratory system |
Lungs |
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Organ contained in the Reproductive System |
Vagina, penis, gonads |
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Cell division is called |
Mitosis |
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Disease |
The abnormality of function in the body. |
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Pathology |
The study of disease |
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Congenital Disease |
A disease present at birth |
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The term Signs means |
Measurable objective changes in a person. |
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The term Symtoms means |
Subjective changes felt by a client |
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Syndromes |
A group of signs and symptom's that identify a condition. |
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Communicable Disease |
Diseases that can be spread |
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Remission |
A reversal of signs and systems |
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Organs contained within the skeleton system |
Bones, joints, cartilage |
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Organs contained within the Muscular System |
Cardiac, Smooth, and Skeletal Muscles |
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Organs contained within the Urinary system |
Kidneys, Bladder, Ureters |
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Organs contained within the Nervous system |
Brain, Spinal Cord, Peripheral Nerves |
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Organs contained within the Integumentary System |
Skin |
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Organs contained within the Cardiovascular System |
Heart, Veins, Arteries |
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Organs contained within the Lymphatic System |
Lymph nodes, Spleen |
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Organs contained within the Digestive system |
Stomach, Intestines |
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Organs contained within the Endocrine System |
Hormones, Glands |
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Organs contained within the respiratory System |
Lungs |
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Organs contained within the Reproductive systems |
Vagina, Penis, Gonads |
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Cell Division is called |
Mitosis |
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Disease |
Abnormality of function in the body |
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Pathology |
The study of Disease |
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Congenital Disease |
A disease present at birth |
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The term - Signs |
Measurable objective change in a person |
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The term - Symptoms |
Subjective changes felt by a client |
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The term - Syndromes |
A group of signs and symptoms that identify a condition |
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The term - Communicable Disease |
A disease that can be spread |
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The term - Remission |
A reversal of signs and symptoms |
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Pharmacology |
Is the study of drugs to treat disease |
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Epidemiology |
Is the study of the frequency , transmission, occurrence of disease |
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Etiology |
Is the study of all factors involved in causing disease |
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Pathogens |
Is the study of the development of disease |
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Idiopathic |
Diseases with unknown orgins |
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Diagnosis |
The act or process of identifying or determining the nature or cause of a disease or injury through evaluation of patient history, examination and review of laboratory data. |
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Prognosis |
A prediction of the probable course or outcome of a disease or a disorder. |
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Stress Means |
A psychological or physical situation or condition that causes tension or strain. |
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Three Phases of stress |
Alarm, resistance, exhaustion. |
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3 Types of stress |
Situational, biological, psychological. |
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OSHA is the acronym for? |
Occupational Safety and Health Administration |
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OSHA was established in? |
1992 |
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Why was OSHA established |
To assist employers in providing a safe and healthy working environment for employees. (To provide a safe working environment for health care workers) |
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OSHA Occupational Exposure refers to: |
Reasonably anticipated SKIN, EYE, MUCOUS MEMBRANE OR PARENTAL contact with blood or other potentially infectious materials that may result from the performance of employee's duties. |
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Parenteral Refers to: |
The PIERCING of the skin barrier or mucous membranes such as through: Needle Sticks Human Bites Cuts Abrasions |
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OSHA Blood exposure refers to: |
Human blood Human Blood Components Products Made from Blood |
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OSHA - Blood Components refers to: |
Plasma Serum Platelets Serosanguineous fluid (e.g.,) Exudates from Wounds |
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Bloodborne Pathogens |
Pathogenic Microorganisms in human blood the cause disease in human. |
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Bloodborne Pathogen include but are not limited to: |
Hepatitis B Virus (HBV) , Hepatitis C Virus (HCV), and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) |
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OPIM means |
Other Potentially Infectious Materials |
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Types of - Other Potentially Infectious Materials - OPIM |
Semem and Vaginal secretions Cerebrospinal, synovial, pleural, pericardial, peritoneal, and amniotic fluids. Any body fluids that is visibly contaminated with blood Any body fluid that has not been identified. Saliva in dental procedures Any fixed human tissue Any tissue culture, cell, or fluid known to be HIV infected
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Contaminated Is defined as: |
The PRESENCE OR REASONABLY ANTICIPATED PRESENCE of blood or other potentially infected materials on an item or surface. |
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Decontamination is defined as: |
The use of Physical or chemical means to remove, inactivate, or destroy pathogens on a surface or item to the point where they are no longer capable of transmitting, Infectious Particles on the surface or item is render safe for handling, use, or disposal. |
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Non-Intact Skin Means |
The skin has a break in the surface |
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Non-intact skin ( Break In Surface) includes but not limited to: |
Skin with: Dermatitis Abrasions Cuts Burns Hangnail Chapping Acne |
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Exposure Incident is defined as; |
Specific areas Eye Nose Mouth Other Mucous Membrane Non-Intact skin Parenteral Contact
With Blood or other potentially infectious materials that results from an employees's duties. |
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What are components of OSHA standards for a medical office: |
1. Exposure Control Plan 2. Safer Medical devices 3. Labeling Requirements 4. Communitcation of hazards to employees 5. Record keeping |
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How old is massage |
5000 years old - 3000 BC |
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What can influence a persons experience of touch |
Culture, gender, life events, religion |
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Defined Massage |
Various forms of touch to achieve a specific outcome |
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Define Theraputic |
The structure for beneficial change or support for current healing practices. |
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Define Healing |
Restoration of well-being |
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What are 2 forms of appropriate touch? |
Mechanical & Expressive |
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What are several forms of inappropriate touch |
Hostile, Aggressive, Erotic, Invasive, apathetic. |
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Intention means? |
Knowing what you want |
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Inspiration means? |
Motivation Towards a desired outcome |
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Intuition Means? |
The conscious awareness of subconscious information |
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Describe a dual role? |
May occur when a professional interacts with clients, the more roles a practitioner has the more power they establish |
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Who is given credit for the development of Swedish Massage |
Per Henrik Ling |
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Johann Mezger? |
Validated Swedish Massage within the medical community. |
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Who brought Swedish Massage to the United States? |
George Taylor (Taylor Brothers) |
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Mary McMillan |
Is known as "The mother of Physical Therapy" |
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John Harvey Kellogg? |
Started the first American resort spa in Battle Field Michigan |
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What are the negative influence of massage during prohibition? |
Speak Easy- Underground establishments that illegally sold alcoholic beverages and led to other inappropriate activities like sexual massage |
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Define Kinesiology? |
The study of motion of the human body |
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Anatomic Position? |
A person standing upright with feet slightly apart, arms hanging at the sides and palms faced forward with thumbs outward. |
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Biomechanics? |
The study of mechanical movements and principles applied to living bodies |
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Proximal means? |
Closer to the trunk |
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Distal means? |
Further away from the trunk |
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Superior Means? |
Higher than, or above |
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Inferior Means? |
Lower than, or below |
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Superficial Means? |
Toward, or on the surface. |
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Deep Means? |
Inside, or away from the surface |
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Medial Means? |
Closer to the middle, center or midline |
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Lateral Means? |
Outside, or away from the middle, center or midline |
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Anterior Means? |
In front of, or toward the front. |
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Posterior Means? |
Behind, in back of, or toward the rear. |
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Plantar Means? |
Bottom of the foot |
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Dorsal Means? |
Top of the foot, back of hand |
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Prone Means? |
Lying horizontally with face down |
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Supine Means? |
Lying horizontally with face up |
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Semi-recumbent Means? |
Laying on your side |
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Regions of the Axial Body |
Head, Neck, Trunk |
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Region of the upper appendicular? |
Shoulder Girdle, Arm, Forearm, hand |
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Region of the Lower Appendicular? |
Pelvis, Thigh, Leg, Foot |
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Temporal |
Region of the temples |
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Frontal |
Region of the forehead |
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Parietal |
Region of the head, posterior to the frontal and anterior to the occipital region |
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Occipital? |
Region of the back of the head |
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Axillary |
Region of the armpit |
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Sternal |
Region of the sternum |
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Pectoral |
Region of the chest |
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Abdominal |
Pertaining to the stomach area |
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Umbilical |
Region of the belly button |
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Coxal |
Region of the hip |
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Inguinal |
Region of the groin |
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Cervical |
Region of the neck |
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Thoracic |
Are between the cervical and lumbar regions |
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Lumbar |
Region of the lower back |
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Sacral |
Region of the sacrum / coccyx |
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Gluteal |
Region of the buttocks |
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Brachial |
Region between the elbow and shoulder |
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Carpal |
Region of the wrist |
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Palmar |
Region of the palm of the hand |
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Cubital |
Region of the elbow |
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Scapular |
Region of the scapula |
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Deltoid |
Region of the shoulder joint and deltoid muscle |
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Femoral |
Region of the femur |
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Pateller |
Region of the knee cap |
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Crural |
Region of the anterior portion of the lower leg |
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Peroneal |
Region of the lateral portion of the lower leg |
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Sural |
Region of the posterior portion of the lower leg / calf area |
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Popliteal |
Region Of the posterior knee |
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Calcaneal |
Region of the heel |
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What is the purpose of an Exposure Control Plan? |
written document stipulates the protective measures that must be followed in a medical setting to eliminate employee exposure to bloodborne pathogens and potentially infectious material. |
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Biohazard label |
Fluorescent orange or orange-red and contains the biohazard sysmbol |
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What does a massage therapist use the might need to be labeled with Biohazard? |
Laundry bags with soiled Linens |
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What engineering control is important for massage therapist to maintain? |
Readily accessible hand washing facilities. |
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Work practice Controls - what are some points you need to follow as a massage therapist? |
Do not store food or drink in refrigerators, freezers, or cabinets or on shelves or on countertops where blood or other potentially infectious material are present. If your mucous membrane (eyes, mouth, nose) come in contact with blood or other potentially infectious material, flush the with water as soon as possible. Bandage cuts and other lesions on hands before gloving
If your hands or skin come in contact with blood or other potentially infectious material, wash there area asap with soap and water. |
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P.P.E |
Personal Protective Equipment |
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Which P.P.E might a massage therapist use? |
Gloves - if you have non-intact skin Chin-length face shields Mask - if your client is coughing Protective eyewear Laboratory coats Gowns |
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what are key points of the OSHA housekeeping section should a massage therapist be aware of? |
Clean and decontaminate equipment and work surfaces after completing procedures. (Involves) Cleaning with soap and water Decontamination using appropriate disinfectant.
Immediate cleaning and decontamination after blood exposure
Inspect and decontaminate all reusable receptacles: Bin, Pails, and Cans on a regular basis. |
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Review of OSHA Housekeeping Section |
housekeeping refers to ensuring that the work site is maintained in a clean and sanitary condition. Develop and implement a written schedule for cleaning and decontaminating each area where exposure occurs. Cleaning and decontamination methods must be specific for each task and should be based on the: type of surface to be cleaned the type of soil present And,the task or precedures being performed |
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What percentage bleach solution is necessary for the decontamination of blood spills/ |
10% sodium hypochlorite (household bleach) in water. 1 part bleach to 10 parts water. |
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Why is hepatitis B Vaccination important to receive when someone is in a position with occupational exposure? |
It prevents the development of H.B.V. infection (95% effective in providing immunity). Waiver must be signed if you refuse vaccine. |
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True- False HIV is the virus that causes Aids? |
True |
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True- False - People die from AIDS |
False |
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True - false - Someone who has HIV but looks and feels healthy can still infect other people? |
True |
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True - False HIV can be spread by kissing? |
False |
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True - False You can get HIV from toilet seats? |
FALSE |
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True - False You can get HIV from giving blood? |
False in developed nations |
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True or False - The risk of getting HIV from blood transfusion these days is extremely low? |
True - in developed nations |
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True or False - Mosquitoes can spread HIV |
False |
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True or False HIV does not care about who you are, but what you do |
True |
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True or False. Drinking alcohol can increase the risk of contracting HIV |
True |
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true or false. Sharing needles to inject steroids can spread HIV |
True |
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True or False. using latex condoms during sex can reduce the risk of getting HIV |
True - If used correctly |
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True or false. Taking birth control pills will protect a girl from getting HIV |
False |
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True or false. Lesbians cannot be infected with HIV |
False |
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True or false. Unprotected heterosexual sex is more risky for women than for men? |
True, it is more risky for all receiving partners (men or women) |
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True or False. People who are allergic to latex should not wear condoms? |
False |
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True or false. HIV infected people do not need to wear condoms if they are having sex with another infected partner. |
False |
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True - False. HIV infected women cannot become pregnant? |
False |
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True or False. Condoms do not expire? |
False |
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