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105 Cards in this Set
- Front
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Perhaps the most influential fiction writer of the 20th century. |
James Joyce
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He revolutionized the short story by centering it around an epiphany, a key moment wherein a character sees past ordinary appearances to come to a deeper knowledge of himself or herself. |
James Joyce
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He revolutionized novels with his technique of stream of consciousness writing, which attempts to follow the mixed and wandering stream of a character’s thought patterns (rather than following a clear series of events). |
James Joyce
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He lived his life in exile from Ireland, which he thought close-minded. |
James Joyce
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Who wrote "The Dead"? |
James Joyce
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Who wrote "The Soldier"? |
Rupert Brooke |
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Who wrote "Glory of Women", "They", and "The Rear-Guard"? |
Seigfried Sassoon |
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Who wrote "Dulce et Decorum Est"? |
Wilfred Owen |
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World War I poet |
Wilfred Owen |
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World War I poet |
Seigfried Sassoon |
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World War I poet |
Rupert Brooke |
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How did the WWI poets depict the war? |
They depict World War I as the ultimate trauma, severing a deceptive but beautiful past of high culture/decorum from the reality of the present, which is a formless chaos.
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Wilfred Owen's depiction of WWI |
A combination of Latin tags and trench slang.
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Siegfried Sassoon's depiction of WWI |
A bitter juxtaposition of the bishop’s uncomprehending, jingoistic religion with war reality.
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Who wrote: “And the Bishop said: ‘The ways of God are strange’”
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Seigfried Sassoon |
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WWI facts: |
Unprecedented violence:
Total body count: 14 million, including the patriotic Rupert Brooke. |
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Besides Joyce, the most important modernist novelist.
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Virginia Woolf |
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She combined modernist stream of consciousness writing with feminist concerns about the role of women in English society.
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Virginia Woolf |
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She felt that, to be realistic, literature must, like consciousness, seem fragmentary, and must, like consciousness, violate chronological time.
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Virginia Woolf |
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She considered literature (or psychology) whichassumed that character was unified and constant and that operated according tochronological time to be a reflection of an imperialist, patriarchal culture(witness her attacks on “human nature” and Bradshaw’s psychology).
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Virginia Woolf |
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She used images considered feminine—like flowers and parties—as symbols of art, meaning, and reality itself, greatly shifting their expected connotations.
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Virginia Woolf |
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Who wrote "Mrs. Dalloway"? |
Virginia Woolf |
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Perhaps the most influential modernist poet.
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T.S. Eliot |
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His writing is known for its fragmentary style (“These fragments I have shored against my ruins”).
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T.S. Eliot |
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His writing is known for its sense of the meaninglessness of the modern world (“I can connect/Nothing with nothing”).
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T.S. Eliot |
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His writing is known for its jarring urban imagery (the garbage in the river, etc.),
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T.S. Eliot |
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His writing is known for its obscure literary allusions, often in other languages (the deliberately unpopular work demands a small audience of active readers).
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T.S. Eliot |
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He felt that the modern world was fragmented and meaningless, and that meaning was now a foreign language.
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T.S. Eliot |
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He also depicts a world devoid of love or meaningful relations, prone to madness, and tormented by the violence of World War I.
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T.S. Eliot |
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The later _______ attempts to solve these problems through a complicated reformulation of Anglican Christian doctrine (a pattern to life’s chaos).
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T.S. Eliot |
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He remains darkly existential, as in “The Journey of the Magi,” where the difficult journey of faith (“a hard time we had of it”), rather than the actual object of faith, is the focus.
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T.S. Eliot |
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Who wrote "The Wasteland"? |
T.S. Eliot |
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Who wrote "The Love Song of J. Alfred Prufrock"? |
T.S. Eliot |
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Who wrote "The Hollow Men?" |
T.S. Eliot |
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Who wrote "Little Gidding"? |
T.S. Eliot |
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Who wrote "Journey of the Magi"? |
T.S. Eliot |
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He is still full of mysticism, technicalvirtuosity, and use of imagery taken from Irish mythology and folklore.
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William Butler Yeats |
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the modernist _____ sees more pessimistic visions and possesses a modernistic detachment towards their contents. “Things fall apart; the center cannot hold; /Mere anarchy is loosed upon the world,” the Sphinx is reborn, and Yeats just watches.
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William Butler Yeats |
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Who wrote: “Things fall apart; the center cannot hold; /Mere anarchy is loosed upon the world” |
William Butler Yeats |
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Quintessential example of the 1930s authors, who were both influenced by and reacted against the 1920s modernists.
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W.H. Auden |
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Looking at the Great Depression and rise of totalitarianism, _________ darkly critiqued society, but also looked for solutions, and attempted to reach audiences more directly and accessibly (think of the explicit political message—the psychoanalysis of Hitler and hope for an alternative society of love and individualism—of the poem “September 1, 1939”).
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W.H. Auden |
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Who writes: “We must love one another or die” |
W.H. Auden |
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Who wrote "Petition", "On This Island". "Lullaby", Spain", and "As I Walked Out One Evening"? |
W.H. Auden |
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Who wrote "Musee des Beaux Arts", "In Memory of W.B. Yeats", and "The Unknown Citizen"? |
W.H. Auden |
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Who wrote "September 1, 1939", "In Praise of Limestone", "The Shield of Achilles", and "[Poetry as Memorable Speech]"? |
W.H. Auden |
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He was an Irish novelist and playwright. |
Samuel Beckett |
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Friend of Joyce and Nobel winner. |
Samuel Beckett |
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His novels and plays reflect a meaningless world full of meaningless characters ("This is becoming really insignificant". |
Samuel Beckett |
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He wrote: "This is becoming really insignificant" |
Samuel Beckett |
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His plays exemplify postmodernism by being openly artificial (the characters “recoil in horror” from the audience).
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Samuel Beckett |
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His plays exemplify postmodernism by containing patchworks of quotations and ideas from other sources (ranging from vaudeville to the Bible). |
Samuel Beckett |
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His plays exemplify postmodernism by combining high and low literary forms (existential ruminations on suicide/dropping pants).
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Samuel Beckett |
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His plays exemplify postmodernism by showing characters in the process of losing memory and identity (“Is it possible that you’ve forgotten already”?)
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Samuel Beckett |
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He wrote: "Is it possible that you've forgotten already?" |
Samuel Beckett |
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Who wrote "Waiting for Godot?" |
Samuel Beckett |
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A British poet whose work is marked by comedy, feminism, and deep depression. |
Stevie Smith |
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Her work is often traditional, even rhyming in form, and undercuts its seriousness by odd line-drawn illustrations.
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Stevie Smith |
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Her work deals with weighty postmodern themes like alienation, identity, and the uncertain nature of language (recall the empty signifier in “Pretty”).
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Stevie Smith |
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Who wrote "Sunt Leones"? |
Stevie Smith |
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Who wrote "Our Bog Is Good" and "Not Waving but Drowning"? |
Stevie Smith |
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Who wrote "Thoughts About the Person from Porlock" and "Pretty"? |
Stevie Smith |
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One of the “Angry Young Men” of the 1950s and 1960s, who reacted against and critiqued postwar British culture.
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Philip Larkin |
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His Hardy-influenced verse combines formal rhyme and meter with plain speech (even extreme profanity).
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Philip Larkin |
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Structurally and thematically, he contrasts past and present, generally to the diminishment of both. "Man hands on misery to man./ It deepens like the coastal shelf."
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Philip Larkin |
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He wrote: "Man hands on misery to man./ It deepens like the coastal shelf." |
Philip Larkin |
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Who wrote "Church Going" and "MCMXIV"? |
Philip Larkin |
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Who wrote "Talking in Bed", "Ambulances". and "High Windows"? |
Philip Larkin |
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Who wrote "Sad Steps", "Homage to a Government", and "The Explosion"? |
Philip Larkin |
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Who wrote "This Be The Verse" and "Aubade"? |
Philip Larkin |
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He is a poet laurate (wreathed with laurel as a mark of honor). |
Ted Hughes |
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He revives nature poetry. |
Ted Hughes |
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He has the idea that nature reveals the truth about reality that society hides remains from the Romantics; nature’s message now, though is that life is meaningless, force rules all, and everything wants to eat you.
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Ted Hughes |
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Who wrote "Wind" and "Relic"? |
Ted Hughes |
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Who wrote "Pike", "Out", and "Theology"? |
Ted Hughes |
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Who wrote "Crow's Last Stand" and "Daffodils"? |
Ted Hughes |
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_________ writes complicated, allusive, deliberatelyunsentimental poetry that grapples with the complexities/guilt of the English/Europeanpast (“Just so much Zyklon and leather, patented/ terror, so many routinecries").
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Geoffrey Hill |
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He wrote: “Just so much Zyklon and leather, patented/ terror, so many routine cries" |
Geoffrey Hill |
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His work is part of England’s struggle for a post-imperial identity.
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Geoffrey Hill |
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Who wrote "In Memory of Jane Fraser" and "Requiem for the Plantagenet Kings"? |
Geoffrey Hill |
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Who wrote "September Song"? |
Geoffrey Hill |
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South African born, Nobel Prize winning author.
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Doris Lessing |
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Her work combinesexistential, postmodern, and feminist concerns.
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Doris Lessing |
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"To Room 19" both suggests that a woman's identity cannot be successfully defined by the social roles (wife, mother, even employee) she plays in 1960s Britain, and suggests that personal identity itself may be an illusory construction.
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Doris Lessing |
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Who wrote "To Room 19"? |
Doris Lessing |
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British postmodern playwright, heavily influenced by Beckett.
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Tom Stoppard |
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His works epitomize postmodern pastiche, and often self-consciously (and bizarrely) rewrite preexisting stories (like the life of Byron) rather than devising entirely new ones.
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Tom Stoppard |
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His work is postmodern in its questioning of identity, its questioning of agency (does the past deterministically control the present? Does nature lead to culture?).
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Tom Stoppard |
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His work is postmodern in its sense that language is the only reality (or does the present create the past by describing it? Does culture, as in the garden, create nature?).
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Tom Stoppard |
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Questioning of identity and agency, and the sense that language is the only reality is enacted in __________'s Arcadia's final scene, where past and present combine in an entropic waltz.
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Tom Stoppard |
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Who wrote "Arcadia"? |
Tom Stoppard |
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Irish poet and Nobel Prize Winner. |
Seamus Heaney |
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His verse is known for its unsentimental use of traditional Irish subject matter, its juxtaposition of the traditional and the modern, and its deceptive simplicity.
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Seamus Heaney |
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Who wrote "Punishment," which compares an ancient female body from a bog to a woman humiliated by the I.R.A?
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Seamus Heaney |
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Who wrote "Digging," which compares his poetic pen to the spade his father used to dig potatoes ("Between my finger and my thumb/ The squat pen rests. I'll dig with it.")? |
Seamus Heaney |
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Who wrote "The Forge", "The Grauballe Man", and "Casualty"? |
Seamus Heaney |
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Who wrote "The Skunk", "From Station Island", "Clearances", "The Sharping Stone", and "Anything Can Happen"? |
Seamus Heaney |
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Feminist Irish poet known for her critical takes on Irish myth and history.
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Eavan Boland |
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Who wrote “The Dolls Museum in Dublin,” in which the antique dolls, are, like people with a romanticized picture of the past, “the hostages ignorance/takes from time” although they do “not feel it. And not know it.”?
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Eavan Boland |
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She wrote: “the hostages ignorance/takes from time” although they do “not feel it. And not know it.” |
Eavan Boland |
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Who wrote "The Lost Land" and "Fond Memory"? |
Eavan Boland |
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Indian-born author who writes often experimental, postmodern fiction about postcolonial themes.
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Salman Rudshie |
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He employs magical realism, which questions Western epistemology by nonchalantly describing paranormal events and everyday life in the same terms in the same story.
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Salman Rudshie |
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Who wrote "The Prophet's Hair," in which a capitalist (moneylending), modern, skeptical Muslim family's life is tragicomically destroyed when the father finds a strand of the Prophet's hair, and consequently becomes possessed both for good (hatred of usury and economic exploitation) and bad (oppression of women, cutting off hands) by the spirit of the past?
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Salman Rudshie |
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Key traits of modernism |
Art for the pure sake of art, innovation is a key value, experimentalism, "make it new", not much respect for Edwardians, few books (because of the ideal of perfection, they didn't repeat ideas or styles) |
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Key traits of postmodernism |
No originality, writing about writing, breaking the 4th wall, breaking the high/low culture binary, literature about literature, retellings, point of exhaustion (no more stories) |
