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66 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Intro to Realism/Naturalism: Political: What Western value grew at this time?
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Nationalism
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Intro to Realism/Naturalism: Political: Which two countries achieved political unification?
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Germany and Italy
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Intro to Realism/Naturalism: Political: Whose domination of Europe ends?
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France
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Intro to Realism/Naturalism: Political: Which country ruled the sea?
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Great Britain
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Intro to Realism/Naturalism: Political: Who strove for emancipation?
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The Balkans
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Intro to Realism/Naturalism: Political: What is the political slogan during this time?
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Liberty
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Intro to Realism/Naturalism: Political: What does the political slogan entail?
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1- Liberation from rule of a foreigner (the Balkans)
2- Emancipation for serfs (Russia) 3- Removal of economic restrictions on trade and manufacturing (W. Europe) 4- Intro. of a constitution, free speech, and parliamentary institutions (S. America) |
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Intro to Realism/Naturalism: Mindset: What were the watchwords of the day?
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Liberty
Science Progress Evolution |
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Intro to Realism/Naturalism: Mindset: What were the two hostile reactions to liberal progressivism?
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1- Catholic conservatism
2- Socialism clashes w/free-enterprise system |
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Intro to Realism/Naturalism: Mindset: What were the two sources of motivation?
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1- Christian/romantic
2- Scientific/revolutionary (Marx) |
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Intro to Realism/Naturalism: Art: What were the few new innovations in?
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Novel
Drama Painting |
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Intro to Realism/Naturalism: Art: What kind of painting developed in France?
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Impressionism
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Intro to Realism/Naturalism: Art: What type of literature emerged from this time period?
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Realistic
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Intro to Realism/Naturalism: Art: Which novel began the shift to naturalism and who wrote it?
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LaRoman Experimental
Emil Zola |
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Intro to Realism/Naturalism: Art: The methods of _______ were not to be any different from the methods of ________.
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1- fiction
2- Science |
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Intro to Realism/Naturalism: Art: What was the author supposed to deprive the characters of in their stories during this time period?
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The author's nature
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Intro to Realism/Naturalism: In America: What was realism?
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A revolt against the genteel tradition and a reaction to Romanticism
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Intro to Realism/Naturalism: In America: What did Realism succeed in doing?
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It affected the artisitic approach to a concrete program and philosophy for literature
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Intro to Realism/Naturalism: In America: What was the purpose of realism/naturalism in America?
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To show the truth no matter how low or ugly or evil it was
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Romanticism Vs Realism/Naturalism: While Romanticism focuses on sentiment, what does R/N focus on?
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Truth
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Romanticism Vs Realism/Naturalism: Romanticism is concerned with the exotic past; what is R/N concerned with?
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The present
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Romanticism Vs Realism/Naturalism: R believes in the supernatural and is discontented with the rational; what does R/N promote?
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Pragmatism
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What country is Dostoyevsky from?
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Russia
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Who wrote Notes From The Underground?
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Dostoyevsky
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What are the four great novels of Dostoyevsky that came out of his hard times?
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Crime and Punishment
The Idiot The Possessed The Brothers Karamazov |
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Notes From the Underground is divided into two parts; what purpose did each part serve as in the story?
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Part 1- philosophically emphasizes the tension b/t Romanticism and Rationalism. It also emphasizes personal freedom of choice.
Part 2- relates the story of Liza; it illustrates the corrupting and redeeming nature that personal freedom of choice contains |
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For the Underground Man, what has no meaning and what does every good become?
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Truth
Relative |
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In Notes From the Underground, Dostoevsky ________ discredits Rationalism/Naturalism and ____ discredits Romanticism.
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Verbally
Behaviorally |
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What is the touchstone for existential thought according to Dostoevsky?
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Irrational freedome
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Where was Tolstoy from?
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Russia
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Who began a school on his estate for his peasants' children?
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Tolstoy
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In what three ways can Tolstoy's life be divided?
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Education, Art, and Religion
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What book of Tolstoy's is argued to be the greatest Russian novel?
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Anna Karenina
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Which author believed that "everyone had the power to understand 'good,' and that each person could justify his life on earth by striving to do good for himself and others?"
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Tolstoy
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Who wrote The Death of Ivan Illyich?
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Tolstoy
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What other books did Tolstoy write?
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Master and Man
The Resurrection Father Sergius |
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What two elements mark Tolstoy's literary style?
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Narrative detail
Concrete description |
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What are the five stages of trauma?
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Denial
Anger Bargaining Depression Acceptance |
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From what state of mind does Ivan Illyich move from and what does he move towards?
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A living death of false values to God's living life achieved only beyond death
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Who represented natural goodness in The Death of Ivan Illyich?
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Gerasim
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What is the question that lurks in the story of Ivan Illyich?
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"What if my whole life has really been wrong?"
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What does the word "it" stand for in The Death of Ivan Illyich?
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Pain
Death False Values |
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What is the four stage process of Ivan Illyich's life?
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1- Beings as an innocent child, as an honest and whole being.
2- Takes a fall into a false relation to life. 3- Falls again when he realizes he's fallen. 4- Achieves moral regeneration because of his awareness of his fall. |
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How does Ivan Illyich achieve salvation?
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Through compassion and sacrifice that is genuine and childlike
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Where was Chekhov from?
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Russia
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What disease did Chekhov develop?
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Tuberculosis
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Which author graduated medical school?
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Chekhov
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Who wrote The Cherry Orchard?
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Chekhov
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What implied philosophy do Chekhov's writings contain?
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Kindness and humanity
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What is the main purpose of The Cherry Orchard?
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To present a social picture of the time period in history
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What kind of mood is in The Cherry Orchard?
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Nostalgic and sad
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What do the contrasting characters of Lopahin (the merchant) and Trofimov (the student) represent in The Cherry Orchard?
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L- capitalism
T- socialism |
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How does The Cherry Orchard present all characters?
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Flawed
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How does Chekhov handle the characters in the Cherry Orchard?
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Sympathetically
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Who are in the two love triangles in The Cherry Orchard?
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1- Lopahin, Varya, and Trofimov
2- Pishchick, Dunyasha, and Yasha |
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Where is Ibsen from?
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Norway
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Who wrote Hedda Gabler?
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Ibsen
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How long did Ibsen's career as a playwright last?
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49 years
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What does the term "ibsenism" mean?
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To reflect a critique, in dramatic form, of contemporary morality
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What do Ibsen's plays explore?
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The nature of reality and illusion in social conventions
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In Hedda Gabler, describe the character of Tesman.
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- a bore and a fool
- affected with speech mannerisms - scholarship is irrelevant - morally ambivalent |
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In Hedda Gabler, describe the character of Judge Brack.
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- a man of the world
- holds a philosophical naturalism |
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In Hedda Gabler, describe the character of Eilert.
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- Hedda's figure of pagan freedom
- morally weak, but is the only true visionary in the play |
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In Hedda Gabler, describe the character of Hedda.
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- lives in frustration of middle class life
- feels trapped in her marriage - acts morally evil (perverse, egotistical, sadistic, and callous) - she maintains the air of a grand lady |
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What are the two themes of Hedda Gabler?
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1- People experience a clash b/t ability and aspiration.
2- The individual can stand against society- defying it and escaping it through death |
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What does Hedda Gabler foreshadow?
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Camus's consideration that the only philosophical consideration left for modern humanity is suicide.
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