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68 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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who was Mahatma
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born oct.2, 1869, died from assassins pistol in Jan.1948, educated in Britain became shy lawyer
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when Mahatma denied a seat on stage coach?
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moved to S.Africa, he began a non-violent movement to help the oppressed
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when and what did Mahatma do in India
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after 20 years in Africa he moved to India and led a peaceful movement mainly to free Harijan (outcast) and india from harsh British rule since early 1600s
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what other leaders did Mahatma influence
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ML King
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avatar
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in Hinduism an incarnation of a deity in human or animal form
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karma
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in Hindu and Buddhist doctrine that ones moral actions have a future consequence in determining personal destiny
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vedas
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the oldest sacred Hindu writings, composed 1500-1000B.C.E. by the Aryans in present India
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dharma
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Hindu concept of duty or moral responsibility
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samsara
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Hindu concept of the internal cycle of birth and death
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stupa
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Buddhist memorial monument in the shape of a mound
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mudra
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symbolic, stylized position of the body or hand in Indian art
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shastras
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ancient Hindu texts that describe instructions for various activities, including temple building, cooking, warfare, and music
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bhakti
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in Hinduism, the expression of personal devotion to particular deity, especially in the form of poetry
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raga
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Indian musical composition, usually partly improvised, that attempts to convey a mood or feeling
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abhaya
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one hand raised in reassurance or protection
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varada
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left hand drops in charting or salvation
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dharma
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two hands in front, fingers and thumbs making two circles representing teaching
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dhyana
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hands in lap, palms up, thumbs touching in meditation
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Jataka Tales
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Tales of the former lives of the Buddha to prepare him for becoming enlightened
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most beautiful building in India
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Taj Mahal, built by Shah Jahan as tomb for wife Mumtaz
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name/describe the most famous of Hindu icons
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Shiva Nataraja
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lions
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Buddha roaring out teaching or drama in all four directions
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wheel
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a symbol of Buddhism
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animals
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periods in Buddha's life of 4 corners of the universe
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lotus
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life
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stupa
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burial ground, relic home temple
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umbrella
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royal presence of Buddha universal axis of truth
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Buddhism
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Buddha, his teaching, his followers
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gates
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4 corners of the universe, engraved with tales of the former lives of the Buddha
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Gupta Period
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4th-6th century CE, later period of great cultural development
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Gupta
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the Buddha helper or teacher, avalokitesvara
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how did Upanishads update the Vedas
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Upanishad's around 500 bce (philosophic updates of the Vedas). made caste system divine, formalized reincarnation
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maya
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illusion
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lila
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gods olay of trickery
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Baghavad-Gita
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conversation between Arjuna the warrior and Krishna the avatar of Vishnu
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what does Arjuna learn
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place duty of caste above everything
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what does Krishna teach Arjuna
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about many aspects of Hinduism like yoga and meditation
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first emperor of India
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Chandragupta Maurya (324-301 bce)
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Chandragupta's successor
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Grandson Ashoka (269-232)
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Chandragupta's connection to Buddhism
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converted to Buddhism, sent family as missionaries to convert other parts of the world to Buddhism like Sri Lanka
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Buddha (Siddharta Gautama)
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born in Nepal in 563 bce, lived life of luxury until he saw worlds suffering. he believed greed or craving caused suffering, proposed 4 Noble Truths and 8-fold Path as the answer to suffering
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first noble truth
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suffering exists- touches everyone
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second noble truth
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our greed- desire causing suffering
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third noble truth
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its possible to extinguish greed
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fourth noble truth
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follow the 8 fold path
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8 fold path
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right view, right aim, right speech, right action, right livelihood, right effort, right meaningfulnes, right concentration (meditation)
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trimutri
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the three most important gods in Hinduism today are Shiva, Vishnu, and Brahma
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two most popular cults
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vishnu (preserver) and shiva (destroyer)
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compose the trimuriti
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vishnu and shiva
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lingam
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physical symbol for shiva
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shivas wife
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pearvati, kali
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what is Mahabharata
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worlds longest poem about 5 Indian princes fighting for territory and power. 100,000 couplets (two-lined verses)
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Brahmins
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priest and teachers
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Kshatyas
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warriors, administrations
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Vaishyas
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businessmen merchants
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Sudras
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peasants, laborers, servants
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great bath
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most scholors agree that this water tank would have been used for special religious functions where water was used to purify and renew the wall being of the bathers
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Brahma
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creator god, not very popular. very busy creating not much time for devotees. four heads represent thr four Vadas
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vishnu
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persever, most popular
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vishnus wife
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Lakeshhmi
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lingman
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phallic symbol for shiva
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krishna (form ao Vishnu)
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in a chariot with Arjuna, story from a Baghaved Gita
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outcast
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lower than fourcast, perform worst tasks, handle anthing dead, non-aryan, ghandi fought on behalf og his group, he called them Harajin, called schedules classes today
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vedas
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early hyms
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upanisads
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update to Vedas
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Mahabharata
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worlds longest poem, contain the Gita
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ramayana
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love story of rama and sita
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Hanuman
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minkey god
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