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22 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Weak successors |
The empire was a personal despotism and it's a success depended on a capable monarch |
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Absence of definite law of succession |
led to war for succession Posted partisanship at the cost of patriotism |
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Aurangzeb's religious and Deccan policies |
Religious policies antagonized the rajputs,sikhs,jats and Marathas Deccan policy kept the emperor away from the capital |
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Degeneration of rulers and nobles Deterioration of the army |
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Too vast an empire |
The vast empire became difficult to administer efficiently |
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External invasions |
Invasion of irani and durrani kingdoms nadir shah, Ahmad shah abdali GAVE A DEATH BLOW |
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Economic decline |
Endless wars stagnant agriculture decline in trade and industry |
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Advent of Europeans |
European companies interfered in native politics hastening the disintegration of empire |
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Shifting allegiance of zamindars |
Supported local rulers |
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Jagirdari crisis |
Too Less jagirs and too many contenders |
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Rise of regional States |
Three categories Successor States Independence dates New States |
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Successor States |
Hyderabad (1724 nizam-ul-mulk) Bangal (1717 murshid quli Khan) Avadh (1722 Sadat Khan burhan ul mulk) |
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Independent States |
Mysore (Haider Ali) Kerala (King marthanda Varma) Rajput States (raja sawai Singh of Amber) |
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New States |
Marathas Sikhs jats and Afghan |
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Socio economic conditions |
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Agriculture |
Pregnant and technologically backwards compensated by hard labour presents Present paid revenue to state zamindars jagirdars and revenue farmers Rice wheat sugar pepper spices cotton et cetera |
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Trade and industries flourished |
Export cotton textile raw silk silk fabrics hardware indigo saltpetre opium rice wheat sugar pepper spices precious stones and drugs Import gold mask woolen cloth copper iron lead paper porcelain pearls dates dried fruits coffee tea ivory rose water |
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Education |
Elementary education in pathshala and maktabs Chatuspathis or tols for hindus' Madrasa for Muslims' higher education |
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Society |
Apart from 41 hours Hindus were divided into various sub castes Muslims were also divided by considerations of caste race tribe and status |
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Art architecture and culture |
Asaf ud daula in 1784 built Bada imambara at Lucknow sawai Jai Singh built Pink City of Jaipur and 5 astronomical observatories in Delhi Jaipur mathura Banaras and ujJain |
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Paintings |
Kahan Grand rajputana came into prominence |
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Poetry |
Urdu in North Tamil language sittar poetry |
