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28 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Virus
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A non-living particle composed of a nucleic acid & a protein coat.
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Virology
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the study of viruses.
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Capsid
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The protein coat surrounding the nucleic acid.
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Envelope
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Viruses have a membrane-like structure outside the capsid.
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HIV
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The virus that causes AIDs.
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Glycoprotein
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Protein contaning sugar chains that the virus uses to attach to a host cell.
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Isosahedron
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A geometric shape with 20 trianglular faces.
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Helix
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Resembels a coiled spring.
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Retroviruses
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Contain an enzyme called reverse transcriptase in addition to RNA
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reverse transcriptase
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uses RNA as a template to make DNA.
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Viroids
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the smallest known particles that are together inside a cell.
(a short, single strand of RNA that causes disease in plants) |
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Prions
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Abnormal forms of proteins that clump together inside a cell.
(a glycoprotein particle implicated in diseases with long incubation periods) |
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Obligate Intracellular parasites
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A parasite that requires a host cell in order to reproduce.
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Bacteriophages
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Viruses that infect bacteria.
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Lytic Cycle
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the replication process of viruses that results in the destruction of
the host cell |
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Viriculent
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Viruses that undergo the lytic cycle. (disease-causing and highly infectious)
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Receptor Sites
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Specific sites that viruses recognize & attach to on the host cell's surface.
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lysogenic cycle
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a viral replication process that does not kill the host cell
immediately but stays inside the host for a long period of time |
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Lysis
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Cell disintegration.
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Temperate
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A virus that replicates through the lysogenic cycle & does not kill the host cell immediately.
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Prophage
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The bacteriophage DNA molecule that integrates itself into a specific site of the host cell's genome.
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Provirus
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Viral DNA molecule.
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Antiviral drugs
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durgs that interfere with viral nucleic acid synthesis.
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Inactivated
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Don't replicate in the host system
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Attenuated
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Are viruses that have been genetically altered so that they are incapable of causing disease under normal circumstances.
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Acyclovir
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an antiviral drug used against herpes simples, chickenpox, and azidothymidine
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azidothymidine
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inhibits the reverse transcriptase, such as HIV.
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Protease inhibitors
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interferes with the synthesis of viral capsids during viral replication.
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