Modern Biology Chap 24 Vocab

Front 1

Eubacteria (Eubacterium)

Back 1

Members of the Kingdom Eubacteria (True Bacteria)

Front 2

Archaeubacteria (Archaebacterium)

Back 2

Members of the Kingdom Aechaeubacteria (Ancient Bacteria)

Front 3

Peptidoglycan

Back 3

A protein-carbohydrate compound found in the cell walls of
bacteria

Front 4

Methanogen

Back 4

a bacterium that produces methane during anaerobic
respiration (Live in Swamps)

Front 5

Extreme Halophile

Back 5

Salt loving archaebacteria

Front 6

thermoacidophile

Back 6

an archaebacteria that lives only in hot, acid places

Front 7

bacilli

Back 7

Round-shaped bacteria

Front 8

Cocci

Back 8

Sphere-shaped eubacteria

Front 9

Streptococci

Back 9

When cocci occur in chains.

Front 10

Staphylococci

Back 10

Grape-like clusters of cocci.

Front 11

Gram Stain

Back 11

a series of dyes that stain bacteria either purple or pink according
to the chemistry of the bacterial cell wall

Front 12

Gram-Positive

Back 12

a bacterium that stains purple with Gram stain and
that usually lacks an outer covering on its cell wall

Front 13

Gram-Negative

Back 13

a bacterium that stains pink with Gram stain and
that usually has an outer covering on its cell wall

Front 14

Heterocysts

Back 14

Special cells in cyanbacteria that fixes atmospheric nitrogen

Front 15

population bloom

Back 15

the sudden increase of nutrients in an environment

Front 16

Spirochetes

Back 16

Gram-negative, spiral-shaped, heterotrophic bacterium

Front 17

actinomycete

Back 17

Gram-Positive bacteria that form branching filaments.

Front 18

Antibiotics

Back 18

chemical that can inhibit the growth of or kill some bacteria

Front 19

Enteric bacteria

Back 19

Gram-negative heterotrophic bacteria that inhabit animal
intestinal tracts

Front 20

Chemoautotrophs

Back 20

an organism that synthesizes organic compounds using
chemicals instead of light

Front 21

Capsule

Back 21

Outer covering that bacteria species produce

Front 22

Glycocalyx

Back 22

When a cpasule consists of a fuzzy coat of stick sugars

Front 23

Pili

Back 23

Short, hairlike protein structures that bacteria use to attach to objects

Front 24

Endospore

Back 24

a dormant bacterial cell enclosed by a tough coating to protect from harsh environ. conditions.

Front 25

Saprophytes

Back 25

an organism that feeds on dead organic material

Front 26

photoautotroph

Back 26

an organism that uses sunlight as an energy source

Front 27

obligate anaerobe

Back 27

Cannot survive in the presence of oxygen

Front 28

facultative anaerobe

Back 28

can live with or without oxygen

Front 29

obligate aerobe

Back 29

needs oxygen

Front 30

thermophilic

Back 30

bacteria that grows best in temperatues between 40º C (104º F)
and 110º C (230º F)

Front 31

Transformation

Back 31

Takes DNA from external environ.

Front 32

Conjugation

Back 32

2 bacteria bind together

Front 33

Transduction

Back 33

Virus

Front 34

Conjugation Bridge

Back 34

A passage way for the transfer of the genetic info.

Front 35

Pathlogy

Back 35

the scientific study of disease

Front 36

Toxins

Back 36

Kind of poison that bacteria cause

Front 37

Exotoxins

Back 37

toxins that are made of protein

Front 38

Endotoxins

Back 38

Toxins made of lipids and carbohydrates

Front 39

penicillin

Back 39

interferes with cell wall synthesis

Front 40

Tetracycline

Back 40

Interferes with bacterial protein synthesis

Front 41

Sulfa Drugs

Back 41

Other Antibiotics that are synthesized in labs.

Front 42

Broad-Spectrum Antibiotics

Back 42

Antibiotics that are able to affect a wide variety of organisms.

Front 43

eutrophication

Back 43

the increase of nutrients in an environment