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41 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Ice massage tx time |
5-10 mins |
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Cold pack tx time |
20 mins |
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Cold pack temp |
25 degrees F |
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Cold bath temp |
55-64 degrees F |
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Cold bath tx time |
15-20 mins |
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Vapocoolant Spray |
3-4 sweeps in direction of muscle fibers only in 1 direction, 30 degree angle 12-18" away from skin |
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US intensity measures |
the quantity of energy delivered per unit area |
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US frequency: 1 MHZ |
deep tissues, up to 5 cm |
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US frequency: 3 MHZ |
superficial tissues, 1-2 cm |
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US continuous mode |
intensity remains constant throughout the tx |
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US pulsed mode |
intensity is interrupted |
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US Duty cycle calculation |
on time / (on time + off time) |
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US duration |
area 2-3x size of transducer head requires 5 mins |
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Direct current: constant flow of electrons from the __ which is ___ to the ___ which is negative |
anode, +, cathode |
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Alternating current |
polarity changes from positive to negative with the change in direction of current flow |
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Types of alternating current |
biphasic, symmetrical, or asymmetrical and has a characteristic waveform that is sinusoidal in shape |
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How is frequency of cycles of alternating current measured? |
cycles per sec or Hertz |
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Pulsatile current |
characterized by the non-continuous flow of direct or alternating current |
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Small or large electrode: increased current density |
small |
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Small or large electrode: increased impedance |
small |
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Small or large electrode: decreased current flow |
small |
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Small or large electrode: decreased current density |
large |
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Small or large electrode: decreased impedance |
large |
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Small or large electrode: increased current flow |
large |
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monopolar electrode placement |
active electrode is placed over the target area; dispersive electrode is place away from target area |
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monopolar electrode placement is used for |
wound, into, and tx of edema |
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bipolar electrode placement |
two active, even-sized electrodes are placed over the target area |
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bipolar electrode placement is used for |
muscle weakness, NM facilitation, spasms, and ROM |
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Parameters of e-stim info: amp |
magnitude of current |
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Parameters of e-stim info: rise time |
time it takes for the current to move from 0 to peak intensity within each phase |
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Parameters of e-stim info: when do you need a fast rise time? |
tissues with low capacitance like large motor nerves |
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Parameters of e-stim info: phase duration |
amount of time it takes for one phase of a pulse; zero to zero |
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Parameters of e-stim info: frequency |
number of pulses delivered through each channel per second |
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Parameters of e-stim info: current modulation |
any alteration in the amp, duration or frequency of current during a series of pulses or cycles; bursts, interrupted, and ramps |
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NMES: electrode placement |
over the muscle aligned in parallel; one over the motor point to produce strongest contraction with least amount of current |
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NMES: current amp |
depends... ie: stronger for general strengthening; weaker for recent surgery |
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NMES: pulse duration |
high (enough to overcome capacitance of motor nerve fibers and account for the depth of the fibers) |
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NMES: frequency |
enough to make a tetanus contraction; 35-50 pulses/sec |
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NMES: duty cycle |
on time 6-10 secs; ratio of work: rest = 1:6-10 |
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NMES: ramp time |
gradual increase = less painful |
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NMES: tx time |
min 10 contractions and max of 20 contractions; 3x/wk |
