Mod#4, Mental Health, Medications Related To Mod#4, Nursing Program, 2009

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Mod#4 Medications

Classification
Therapeutic: antidepresant
Pharmacologic: aminoketones
Decreases neuronal reuptake of dopamine in the CNS. Diminished neuronal uptake of serotonin and norepinephrine (less than tricyclic antidepressants).
Indications: Treatment of depression (with psychotherapy). Depression in patient with seasonal affective disorder (XL only).
Unlabeled uses: Treatment of ADHD in adults (SR only). To increase sexual desire in women.

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Mod#4 Medications

bupropion
Wellbutrin
Wellbutrin SR
Wellbutrin XL
Zyban

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Mod#4 Medications

Classification
Terapeutic: antihypertensives
Pharmacologic: adrenergics (centrally acting)
Action: Stimulates alpha-adrenergic receptors in the CNS; which results in decreased sympathetic outflow inhibiting cardioacceleration and vasoconstriction centers.
Indications: PO, Transdermal: Management of mild to moderate hypertension.

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Mod#4 Medications

clonidine
Catapres
Catapres-TTS

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Mod#4 Medications

Classification
Therapeutic: erectile dysfunction agents
Pharmacologic: phosphodiesterase type 5 inhibitors
Action: Enhances effects of nitric oxide released during sexual stimulation. Nitric oxide activates guanylate cyclase, which produces increased levels of cyclic guanosine monophosphate.
Indications: Erectile dysfunction

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Mod#4 Medications

sildenafil
Viagra

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Mod#4 Medications

Classification
Therapeutic: central nervous system stimulants
Action: produces CNS and respiratory stimulation with weak sympathomimetic activity.
Therapeutic effects: Increased attention span in ADHD. Increased motor activity, mental alertness, and diminished fatigue in narcoleptic patients.
Indications: Treatment of ADHD (adjunct). Symptomatic treatment of narcolepsy.
Unlabeled uses: Management of some forms of refractory depression.

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Mod#4 Medications

methylphenidate
Concerta
Metadate CD
Metadate ER
Methylin
Methylin ER
Ritalin
Ritalin LA
Ritalin SR

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Mod#4 Medications

Classification
Therapeutic: central nervous system stimulants
Action: Causes release of norepinephrine form nerve endings.
Therapeutic effects: Increased attention span in ADHD.

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Mod#4 Medications

D, L - amphetamine mixtures
Amphetamine Salt
Adderall
Adderall XR

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Mod#4 Medications

Classification
Therapeutic: central nervous system stimulants
Pharmacologic: amphetamines
Action: Produces CNS stimulation by releasing norepinephrine from nerve endings.
Therapeutic effects: Increased attention span in ADHD.

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Mod#4 Medications

dextroamphetamine
Dexedrine
Dextrostat

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Mod#4 Medications

Antidepressant
Tricyclic
Treatment of major depression; suicide risk high after 10-14 days due to increased energy; avoid use with alcohol, sun block required; increase fluid intake; take dose at bedtime due to sedative effect; heavy smoker may require a larger dose; use safety precautions with hazardous acitivity; avoid sudden positional changes, partial hypotension.
S/e's: sedation/drowsiness; blurred vision, dry mouth, diaphoresis; postural hypotension, palpitations; n/v, diarrhea; constipation, urinary retention; increased appetite, sexual dysfunction.

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Mod#4 Medications

amitriptyline
Elavil

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Mod#4 Medications

antidepressants
tricyclic
Treatment of major depression, anxiety; avoid use of alcohol; suicide risk high after 10-14 day due to increased energy; increase fluid intake; take dose at bedtime, due to sedative effect; heavy smokers may require a larger dose; use safety precautions with hazardous activity; avoid sudden positional changes.
S/e's: sedation/drowsiness; blurred vision, dry mouth, diaphoresis; postural hypotension, palpitations; n/v, diarrhea; constipation, urinary retention; anorexia, sexual dysfunction.

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Mod#4 Medications

doxepin
Adapin
Sinequan

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Mod#4 Medications

antidepressant
tricyclic
Treatment of depression, enuresis in children; full therapeutic effect may take 2-3 weeks; drug is dispensed in small amounts at beginning of treatment due to suicide potential; use safety precautions with hazardous activity; avoid sudden positional changes; do not stop abruptly, could cause nausea, malaise, headache; avoid alcohol, other CNS depressants.
s/e's: sedation/drowsiness; dry mouth; postural hypotension, palpitations; diarrhea; urinary retention; anorexia.

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Mod#4 Medications

imipramine
Tofranil
Tipramine

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Mod#4 Medications

antidepressants
tricyclic
Treatment of major depression; avoid use with alcohol, other CNS depressants; suicide risk high after 10-14 days, due to increased energy; increase fluid intake; take dose at bedtime due to sedative effect; heavy smokers may require a larger dose; use safety precautions with hazardous activity; avoid sudden positonal changes, partial hypotension; women, avoid use if pregnant, breat-feeding.
S/e's: sedation/drowsiness; blurred vision, dry mouth, diaphoresis; postural hypotension, palpitations; n/v, diarrhea; constipation, urinary retention; increased appetite; sexual dysfunction.

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Mod#4 Medications

nortriptyline
Pamelor

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Mod#4 Medications

antidepressant
SSRI
Treatment of major depression; take in A.M. to avoid insomnia; can potentiate effects of digoxin, Coumadin, and Valium; avoid use with alcohol, other CNS depressants for up to one week after end of therapy; use caution in potentially hazardous activities; avoid changing positions (lying, sitting, standing) rapidly; take consistently at same time of day; therapeutic effects in up to four weeks.
s/e's: palpitations, bradycardia; nausea, vomiting, diarrhea; decreased appetite; nervousness, insomnia; drowsiness.

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Mod#4 Medications

citalopram
Celexa

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Mod#4 Medications

antidepressant
SSRI
Treatment of depression/OCD, bulimia; take consistently at same time of day; full therapeutic effects may require four weeks; can potentiate effects of digoxin, Coumadin, and Valium; used for anorexia, not suicidal or homicidal emotions; avoid use with alcohol, other CNS depressants for up to one week after end of therapy; use caution in potentially hazardous activities.
s/e's: palpitations; nausea, diarrhea, or constipation; decreased appetite with significant weight loss; nevousness, insomnia; urinary retention; drowsiness; rash, pruritus, excessive sweating; fatigue.

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Mod#4 Medications

fluoxetine HCl
Prozac

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Mod#4 Medications

antidepressant
SSRI
Treatment of anxiety, depression, OCD and social anxiety disorder, pand disorder, PTSD; take consistently at same time of day; therapeutic effects in up to four weeks; avoid use with alcohol, other CNS depressants for up to one week after end of therapy; use caution in potentially hazardous activities.
s/e's: palpitations; nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, or constipation; decreaesd appetite; nevousness, insomnia.

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Mod#4 Medications

paroxetine HCl
Paxil

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Mod#4 Medications

antidepressant
SSRI
Treatment of depression, OCD, panic disorder with or without agoraphobia, PTSD; take consistently at same time of day; terapeutic effects take up to four weeks; can potentiate effects of digoxin, Coumadin, and Valium; used or anorexia, not suicidal or homicidal emotions; avoid use with alcohol, other CNS depressants for up to one week after end of therapy; use caution in potetially hazardous activities.
S/e's: headache, dizziness, tremor, nausea, diarrhea, insomnia, dry mouth, male sexual dysfunction.

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Mod#4 Medications

sertraline HCl
Zoloft

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Mod#4 Medications

Antidepressant
Other
Treatment of depression and smoking cessation; if missed dose for depression, take as soon as possible and space remaining doses at not less than 4 hour intervals; if missed dose for smoking cessation, omit dose; may require gradual reduction before stopping; avoid use with alcohol, other CNS depressants for up to one week after end of therapy; use caution in potentially hazardous activities; avoid changing positions (lying, sitting, standing) rapidly.
S/E's: agitation; n/v, headache, dry mouth, tremor.

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Mod#4 Medications

bupropion HCl
Wellbutrin
Zyban
Wellbutrin SR
Wellbutrin XL

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Mod#4 Medications

ADD agents
Used to treat attention deficit disorder (ADHD) in children over 6 years old; time-released and should be swallowed whole, not chewed; this prescription can not be refilled; dosage is adjusted in 18mg increments to a maximum of 54mg/day; contraindicated in patients with anxiety, tension, and glaucoma; this medication may be habit-forming.
S/E's: headache, respiratory infections, abdominal pain, cough.

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Mod#4 Medications

methylphenidate HCl
Concerta

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Mod#4 Medications

Antipsychotics
Treatment of psychotic states, Tourette syndrome; PO concentrate - dilute with water, not coffee or tea; PO - take with food or full glass of water/milk; IM - inject slowly, deep into UOQ of buttock, have patient lie down for 1/2 hour; avoid abrupt withdrawal; discontinue gradually; avoid use with alcohol, other CNS depressants; use caution in potentially hazardous activities; avoid changing positions (lying/sitting/standing) rapidly; wear protective clothing, sunglasses due to photosensitivity.
S/E's: drowsiness, dizziness

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Mod#4 Medications

haloperidol
Haldol

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Mod#4 Medications

antipsychotics
Used in treatment of psychotic states; avoid use with alcohol, other CNS depressants; use caution in potentially hazardous activities; avoid changing positions (lying/sitting/standing) rapidly; notify clinician if fever, sore throat, bruising/bleeding, tics/spasms, trembling, shuffling gait; avoid strenuous exercise in hot weather; check before taking OTC meds; women - avoid breast-feeding.
S/E's: drowsiness, tardive dyskinesia, dizziness, constipation.

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Mod#4 Medications

ziprasidone HCL
Geodon

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Mod#4 Medications

Antipsychotics
Treatment of psychotic states; avoid use with alcohol, other CNS depressants; use caution in potentially hazardous activities; avoid changing positions (lying/sitting/standing) rapidly; notify clinician if fever, sore throat, bruising/bleeding, tics/spasms, trembling, shuffling gait; avoid strenuous exercise in hot weather; check before taking OTC meds.
S/E's: drowsiness, tardive dyskinesia, dizziness, constipation.

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Mod#4 Medications

risperidone
Risperdal

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Mod#4 Medications

Antipsychotics
Useful in psychotic disorder management; has been used successfully in manic episodes associated with bipolar I; use caution when rising due to postural hypotension possibility; dosage should be managed tightly when established; use caution when operating equipment.
S/E's: somnolence, agitation, hostility, dizziness, rhinitis, nervousness, joint pain.

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Mod#4 Medications

olanzapine
Zyprexa

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Mod#4 Medications

Antipsychotics
Used in treatment of psychotic states; avoid use with alcohol, other CNS depressants; use caution in potentially hazardous activities; avoid changing positions (lying/sitting/standing) rapidly; notify clinician if fever, sore throat, bruising/bleeding, tics/spasms, trembling, shuffling gait; avoid strenuous exercise in hot weather; check before taking OTC meds.
S/E's: drowsiness, dizziness

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Mod#4 Medications

quetiapine
Seroquel

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Mod#4 Medications

The increased duration action of this drug can be very beneficial for children and adolescents who are in school because the effects last from the beginning of the school day through homework?

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Mod#4 Medications

Concerta

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Mod#4 Medications

What is the latest FDA-approved medication for ADHD?

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Mod#4 Medications

atomoxetine
Strattera

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Mod#4 Medications

This drug is unique because it is not a stimulant and is unrelated to the stimulant class?

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Mod#4 Medications

atomoxetine
Strattera

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Mod#4 Medications

This drug is a selective norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor (SNRI)?

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Mod#4 Medications

atomoxetine
Strattera

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Mod#4 Medications

What other medications for ADHD, particularly used with clients who cannot tolerate stimulants, include?

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Mod#4 Medications

bupropion(Wellbutrin)
clonidine
tricyclic antidepressants

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Mod#4 Medications

This drug is a dopamine and norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor that can lower the seizure threshold in clients with a history of seizure or eating disorders?

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Mod#4 Medications

bupropion(Wellbutrin)

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Mod#4 Medications

This drug blocks norepinephrine reuptake and can decrease ADHD symptoms?

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Mod#4 Medications

TCA's

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Mod#4 Medications

This drug is an alpha-adrenergic agonist and decreases agitation, impulsivity, aggression, insomnia, and co-morbid tics?

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Mod#4 Medications

clonidine

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Mod#4 Medications

This drug must be taken consistently and precisely as prescribed; sudden deaths have occurred in children geven the medication inconsistently?

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Mod#4 Medications

clonidine

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Mod#4 Medications

This drug must be administered with a dradually increasing dosage and tapered slowly to prevent serious cardiovascular side effects?

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Mod#4 Medications

clonidine

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Mod#4 Medications

What drug class can be used for particularly aggressive children with ADHD?

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Mod#4 Medications

Antipsychotic agents

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Mod#4 Medications

What are the most commonly used stimulants for ADHD?

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Mod#4 Medications

methylphenidate(Ritalin, Concerta)
dextroamphetamine(Dexedrine)
mixed ampetamine salts(Adderall)

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Mod#4 Medications

Aggression and impulsivity can be treated with several medications, including?

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Mod#4 Medications

atypical antipsychotics
lithium
other mood stabilizers like valporic acid.