Reading...
Play button
Play button
Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
26 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
|
Anticogulants prevent
|
vascular clots from forming
|
|
|
thrombolytics agents disslove
|
already existing blood clots
|
|
|
antiplatelet agents
|
prevent adhesion & aggregation of platlets
|
|
|
what is Afterload
Afterload=arteries |
atrioles are the resistance vessels and regulate the force against which the heart must pump
|
|
|
types of hypertensives
|
Alpha & Beta Blockade
Diuretics Vasodilators ACE inhibitors: angiotensin converting enzyme Ca Channel Blockers Urgent anti-hypertensives |
|
|
what is preload
PRELOAD=VEINS |
amot of blood returning to the heart and contained in the ventricles prior to contraction
|
|
|
CO X TPR =
|
CARDIAC OUTPUT X TOTAL PERIPHERAL RESISTANCE=BLOOD PRESSURE
|
|
|
THESE DECREASE TOTAL PERIPHERAL RESISTANCE OR VOL REDUCTION (7)
|
CENTRAL & PERIPHERAL SYMPATHOLYTICS
VASODILATORS CALCIUM CHANNEL BLOCKERS DIURETICS ACE INHIBITORS ANGIOTENSIN ANTAGONISTS |
|
|
DECREASE CARDIAC OUTPUT (1)
|
BETA BLOCKERS
|
|
|
Anti-Adrenergics (SYMPATHOLYTICS)
CLONIDINE (CATAPRES) GUANFACINE (TENEX) |
Alpha 2 agonists (CNS) vasoconstriction blocks Nor Epi, Alpha 1 (PNS) vasodialates
|
|
|
sympatholytics rhyme
|
one fish, two fish makes it big then small blcoks nor epi with with clonidine and guafacine
|
|
|
Beta Blocker
Metaprolol Atenolol Propranolol hint:beta blocker look at the MAP it lives DOWN in HR CO |
inhibits sympathetic activity
decrease HR & CO |
|
|
Diuretics
|
LOOP furosemide (lasix)
THIAZIDE hydrachlorothiazide (HYDRODIURIL), K+ sparing spironolactone (Aldactone) |
|
|
Ace Inhibitor
hint: pril |
angiotension II causes release of aldosterone which increase Na & H2O reabsorption=increase blood vol *benazepril (lotensin),captopril (capoten),enalapril (vasotec)
|
|
|
Ca Channel Blocker
|
produces arteriole relaxation
Verapamil (calan) Diltiazem (cardizem) |
|
|
Emergency Anti-hypertensives
|
Na nitroprusside causes peripheral vasodilation.
|
|
|
Thrombus
|
stationary clot
|
|
|
Embolus
|
moving clot, referred to as thromboembolism.
|
|
|
Anti-Coagulants
|
Prevent clog formation in at-risk patients (usually DVT)
|
|
|
Heparin
|
Parenteral anti-coag
Occurs naturally in mast cells Goal is to increase clotting time to 2 – 3 times the normal (to 22 – 27 seconds) PTT test is used to make dosage adjustments. SE: bleeding, watch for petechiae, hematuria and GI bleed. Antidote is protamine sulfate. |
|
|
heparin binds with Antithrombin III to inhibit
|
thrombin of fibrinogen to fibrin
|
|
|
warfarin MOA
|
Blocks Vitamin K which is needed to chang thromboplastin to prothrombin
|
|
|
Warfarin
|
Oral anti-coags
Warfarin (coumadin) Inhbit Vit K Prevents blood clots INR (replaced PT) to monitor SE: bleeding gums, petechiae, nose bleeds. hazard: anything that effects vit K such as yellow or green leafy veggies. |
|
|
Asprin
|
antiplatelet
inhibits enzyme required for thromboplastin release. |
|
|
order of clot MOA
|
platelet aggregation
thromboplastin prothrombin thrombin fibrinogen |
|
|
Altepase
Urokinase streptokinase |
Thrombolytics (fibrolytic)
Dissolve existing clots |
