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31 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Beta-lactams do what?
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Inhibit Bacterial Cell walls.
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Name the Beta-lactams (6).
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Penicilllin
Cephalosporins B-lactamase Inhibitors Vacomycin Carbapenems Monobactams Remember: PVC C MB PVC Contains Micro Bacteria. |
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Penicillins
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Interfere with Cell wall synthesis.
Take on an empty stomach. AE: Hypersensitivites. Vaginal Candidiasis due to killing normal flora. |
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TEST QUESTION: What is the main adverse effect of penicillin?
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Hypersensitivities.
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Natural Penicillins
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1. Penicillin G, Penicillin V
Think: Natural: Good Vibe Narrow action, Penicillinase Sensitive. |
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TEST QUESTION: What is the spectrum of Natural Penicillins and is it penicillinase sensitive?
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Natural PCN has a narrow specturm and is penicillinase SENSITIVE.
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Antistaphylococcal PCN
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1. Nafcillin
2. Dicloxacillin Think: Nafta Dictionary. Narrow Spectrum, Penicillinase RESISTANT. AE: Dose adjust for liver problems. |
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TEST QUESTION: What is the spectrum of antistaphylococcal PCNs and is it penicillinase sensitive?
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Antistaphylococcal PCN has a narrow spectrum and is penicillinase RESISTANT.
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Ampicillin
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Extended Spectrum PCNs
Broad, Penicillinase Sensitive. |
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Amoxicillin
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Extended Spectrum PCNs
Broad, Penicillinase Sensitive. |
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Carboxy PCNs
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Anti-pseudomonas PCN.
Broad, Penicillinase Sensitive. |
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Beta-Lactamases
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inhibit cell wall synthesis.
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Beta-Lactamse Resistance
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Common. Bacteria gives off an enzyme to inhibit B-Lactamse drugs.
Penicillinases and Cephalosporins. |
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B-Lactam/B-lactamse Inhibitor Combinations
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Counters the Pencillinases/Cephalosporins with Clavulinic Acid.
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Ampicillin/Sulbactam
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B-Lactam/B-lactamse Inhibitor Combinations.
Binds the Pencillinases/Cephalosporins with Clavulinic Acid. |
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Amoxicillin/Clavulanic Acid (Augmentin)
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B-Lactam/B-lactamse Inhibitor Combinations.
Binds the Pencillinases/Cephalosporins with Clavulinic Acid. |
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Ticarcillin/Clavulanic Acid
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B-Lactam/B-lactamse Inhibitor Combinations.
Binds the Pencillinases/Cephalosporins with Clavulinic Acid. |
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Piperacillin/Tazobactam
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B-Lactam/B-lactamse Inhibitor Combinations.
Binds the Pencillinases/Cephalosporins with Clavulinic Acid. |
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Cephalosporins
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Inhibit cell wall synthesis.
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Ceftriaxone
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A cephalosporin.
NOT DOSE ADJUSTED for renal dysfunction. AE: Hypersensitivity reactions. Increases Prothrombin time. Cross rxns with PCN. |
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Cefazolin, Cephalexin
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1st Generation Cephalosporins.
Narrow spectrum. B-Lactamase sensitive, Gram + bacteria. |
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Cefotetan, Cefoxitin
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Second Generation Cephalosporins.
Broad Activity: have anaerobic coverage. |
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Ceftazidime, Ceftriaxone
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Third Generation Cephalosporin.
Broad Activity: cephalosporin resistant. Anti-Pseudomonal Agent! No dose adjust for kidney. |
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TEST QUESTION: What drug is an Anti-Pseudomonal Agent?
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Ceftazidime (third generation)
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Cefepime
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Fourth Generation Cephalosporin.
Very Broad. |
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Carbapenems (3)
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Imipenem, Ertapenem, Meropenem
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Imipenem, Ertapenem, Meropenem Activity and AE?
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Carbapenems.
Broadest Activity! AE: Hypersensitivities to PCN, Seizures with CNS issues. |
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Vancomycin
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A glycopeptide.
Only active against Gram + Aerobes. AE: Hypersensitivity, Red Man's Syndrome, Ototoxicity, Nephrotoxicity. Measure Peaks and Troffs. |
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TEST QUESTION: What is the coverage for Vancomycin?
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Resistant Gram Positive Infections.
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TEST QUESTION: What are the only two groups to cause ototoxicity and nephrotoxicity?
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Vancomycin and Aminoglycosides
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Major resistance drugs (2)
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1. Vancomycin-Resistant Enterococci (VRE)
2. Vancomycin-Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus (VRSA) |
