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19 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Osmotic Diuretic site of action/MOA
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Proximal tubule, descending loop of henle
Draws water out of cells and into the filtrate (urine) |
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Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitor site of action/MOA
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Proximal tubule
Inhibition of carbonic anhydrase activity |
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Loop site of action/MOA
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Thick ascending limb of loop of henle
Na+ K+ 2Cl- symporter function |
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Thiazide site of action/MOA
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Distal tubule
Inhibition of Na+ Cl- symport |
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Potassium sparing site of action/MOA
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Mineralocorticoid receptor inhibitors
-Late distal, collecting tubule -Effect is a function of aldosterone levels -Decrease Na+ absorption -Decrease K+ excretion Pteridines -Late distal, collecting tubule -Inhibition of Na+ influx channel Aminopyrazines -Late distal, collecting tubule -Inhibition of Na+ influx channel |
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Vasopressin receptor antagonists site of action/MOA
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-Collecting duct
-Antagonists of ADH |
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Osmotic diuretic uses
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-Dialysis disequilibrium syndrome
-Acute glaucoma attacks (control intraocular pressure) -Cerebral edema pre- and post-neurosurgery |
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Carbonic anhydrase inhibitor uses
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-Glaucoma
-Urinary alkalinization -Acute mountain sickness -Treatment of CSF leakage (head trauma) |
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Loop diuretic uses
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-Acute pulmonary edema or other edematous states
-Heart failure (treatment of edema) -Acute hypercalcemia -Hyperkalemia -Acute renal failure -Anion overdose |
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Thiazide uses
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-Management of HTN
-Heart failure (treatment of edema) -Nephrogenic diabetes insipidus -kidney stones |
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Potassium sparing diuretic uses
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Mineralocorticoid receptor inhibitors
-Edema (combo w/ loops or thiazides) -Pt w/ hepatic cirrhosis -HTN in pts w/ hypoaldosteronism Pteridines -Antihypertensive (combo w/ loops or thiazides) Aminopyrazines -Antihypertensive (combo w/ loops or thiazides) |
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Vasopressin receptor antagonist effects
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-Increase urine output
-Increase water reabsorption -No change in systemic vascular resistance |
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Osmotic diuretic toxicity
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-Dehydration, hyponatremia
-Hypernatremia -Hyperkalemia -Complicate heart failure |
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Carbonic anhydrase inhibitor toxicity
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-Hyperchloremic metabolic acidosis
-Phosphaturia and hypercalciuria -Renal stones -hypersensitivity rxns -K+ wasting |
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Loop diuretic toxicity
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-Hypokalemic metabolic alkalosis
-Ototoxicity -Hyperuricemia -Hypomagnesemia -Skin rashes -Dehydration and hyponatremia |
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Thiazide toxicity
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-Hypokalemia metabolic alkalosis
-Hyperlipidemia -Hyponatremia -Decrease glucose tolerance -Skin rashes and photosensitivity |
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Potassium sparing diuretic toxicity
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Mineralocorticoid receptor inhibitors
-Hyperkalemia -Gynecomastia -Acute renal failure -Kidney stones -Peptic ulcers -Skin rashes -Nausea/vomiting Pteridines -Hyperkalemia -Acute renal failure [triamterene+indomethacin] -Kidney stones Aminopyrazines -Hyperkalemia |
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Vasopressin receptor antagonist side effects
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V1aR and V2R antagonist
-Hypotension -Nephrogenic diabetes insipidus -Hypokalemia Inhibitor of V2 receptors -Nausea/vomiting -Visual disturbances |
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Which diuretic is a CYP3A4 inhibitor?
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Spironolactone
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