Mns: Neuroanatomy Tutorial 1

Front 1

what are th 4 gyri of the frontal lobe?

Back 1

1 - precentral gyrus
2 - superior frontal gyri
3 - middle frontal gyri
4 - inferior frontal gyri, which is divided into three parts: orbital, opercular, triangular

Front 2

what two areas of the frontal lobe does the broca's area include?

Back 2

the triangular and opercular regions of the inferior frontal gyri

Front 3

what are the three divisions of the parietal lobe as defined on the lateral surface of the brain?

Back 3

1 - postcentral gyrus
2 - superior parietal lobule
3 - inferior parietal lobule - which is further divided into the supramarginal and angular gyri

Front 4

what are the 3 main functions of the parietal cortex?

Back 4

1. reception and initial processing of primary somatosensory
2. language comprehension
3. spatial orientation and perception

Front 5

where is Wernicke's area found?

Back 5

on portions of the temporal and parietal (inferior lobule of one hemisphere) cerebral cortex

Front 6

what are the 5 divisions of the temporal lobe?

Back 6

1. superior gyrus
2. inferior gyrus
3. middle gyrus
4. transverse temporal gyrus
5. occipitaltemporal gyrus

Front 7

what are the 4 functions of the temporal lobe?

Back 7

1. hearing - the primary auditory cortex - part of the superior surface of the temporal lobe
2. comprehension of language - Wernicke's area - posterior portion of the superior temporal gyrus of the left hemisphere
3. higher order processing of visual information - the inferior surface is involved
4. complex aspects of learning and memory - occur in the most medial part of the temporal lobe

Front 8

what is the primary function of the ocipital cerebral cortex?

Back 8

vision

Front 9

what are the 3 named parts of the occipital lobe?

Back 9

1. lateral occipital gyri
2. cuneus gyrus*
3. lingual gyrus*
*Sepperated by calcarine sulcus

Front 10

what are the 3 functions of the limbic lobe?

Back 10

1. emotional responses
2. drive related behavior
3. memory consolidation

Front 11

what are the 5 parts of the internal capsule?

Back 11

1. anterior limb
2. genu
3. posterior limb
4. retrolenticular limb
5. sublenticular limb

Front 12

the retrolenticular limb has radiations of what sensory input?

Back 12

optic

Front 13

the sublenticular limb has radiations of what sensory input?

Back 13

auditory

Front 14

the basal ganglia of the forebrain consists of what 3 parts?

Back 14

1. caudate nucleus
2. putamen
3. globus pallidus

Front 15

what are the two basal ganglia peices which do not reside in the forbrain?

Back 15

1. subthalmic nucleus - diencephalon
2. substantia nigra - midbrain

Front 16

what form the lenticular nucleus?

Back 16

putamen + globus pallidus

Front 17

what sepperates the thalamus from the lenticular nucleus?

Back 17

the posterior arm of the internal capsule

Front 18

what is the function of the basal ganglia?

Back 18

motor control

Front 19

what is the function of the thalamus?

Back 19

gateway to the cortex

Front 20

what is the function of the hypothalamus?

Back 20

regulator of autonomic and endocrine function

Front 21

what are the 4 divisions of the brainstem?

Back 21

1. midbrain
2. pons
3. medulla
4. cerebellum

Front 22

list the 3 brain components found in the supratentorial compartment?

Back 22

1. cerebral hemispheres
2. diencephalon
3. visual pathways

Front 23

list the 4 components of the infratentorial compartment?

Back 23

1. midbrains
2. pons
3. medulla
4. cerebellum

Front 24

what is included in the diencephalon?

Back 24

the hypothalamus and thalamus

Front 25

the hypothalamus has what two functions?

Back 25

1. limbic system functions
2. visceral control center for the brain

Front 26

most of the cranial nerves are attached to the?

Back 26

brainstem

Front 27

which cranial nerves line in the supratentorial compartment?

Back 27

1. the optic
2. the olfactory

Front 28

which cranial nerves are attached to the midbrain?

Back 28

1. oculomotor
2. trochlear

Front 29

which cranial nerves are attached to the pons?

Back 29

1. trigeminal
2. abducens
3. facial

Front 30

which cranial nerves are attached tot he medulla?

Back 30

1. vestibulocochlear
2. glossopharyngeal
3. vagus
4. accessory
5. hypoglossal

Front 31

what are the 3 divisions of the cerebellum?

Back 31

1. vermis
2. lateral hemispheres
3. peduncles (superior, middle, and inferior)

Front 32

what is the function of the cerebellum?

Back 32

coordinate motor activity

Front 33

what does the vermis control?

Back 33

axial musculature

Front 34

what do the lateral hemispheres control?

Back 34

appendicular musculature and the flocculonodular lobe (via vestibular apparatus)

Front 35

what type of fibers generally run through the inferior and middle cerebellar peduncles?

Back 35

affarent fibers

Front 36

what type of fibers generally run through the superior cerebellar peduncles?

Back 36

efferent fibers

Front 37

which dermatomes are responsible for sensation from upper limbs?

Back 37

C5-T1

Front 38

which dermatomes are responsible for sensation from nipples?

Back 38

T4

Front 39

which dermatomes are responsible for sensation from umbilicus?

Back 39

T10

Front 40

which dermatomes are responsible for sensation from lower limbs

Back 40

L4-S1

Front 41

which dermatomes are responsible for sensation from Saddle area?

Back 41

S2-S4

Front 42

list the spinal level from which nerves that mediate arm abduction at the shoulder?

Back 42

C5

Front 43

list the spinal level from which nerves that mediate flexion at the elbow and the biceps reflex?

Back 43

C5 and C6

Front 44

list the spinal level from which nerves that mediate wrist extension?

Back 44

C6

Front 45

list the spinal level from which nerves that mediate elbow and triceps relfexes?

Back 45

C7

Front 46

list the spinal level from which nerves that mediate leg extension at the knee and the patellar tendon reflex?

Back 46

L4

Front 47

list the spinal level from which nerves that mediate dorsiflexion of the ankle

Back 47

L5

Front 48

list the spinal level from which nerves that mediate plantar flexion at the ankle and the Achilles tendon relfex?

Back 48

S1