Reading...
Play button
Play button
Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
15 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
|
What function does skin serve?
|
- Prevents excess water loss
- important to temperature regulation - involved in sensory phenomena - barrier against microbial invaders - Covered w/salt and sebum which are antimicrobial agents |
|
|
What is Folliculitis?
|
- Infection of a hair follicle
- Caused by Staphylococcus - anaerobic, Gram+ cocci - Salt and Desiccation tolerant - Transmitted by contact or fomites - Treated w/Methicillin |
|
|
What is Staphylococcus aureus?
|
- common infections of skin, wounds, airborne
- nose acts as the reservoir - varied virulence - major source of nosocomial (hospital) infections - Treated w/antibiotics - 1/3 are resistant, some even to vancomycin |
|
|
What is Impetigo (Pyoderma) and Erysipelas?
|
- 80% caused by S. aureus, 20% caused by Streptococcus pyogenes
- small patches on face/limbs - Erysipelas: when infection spreads to the lymph nodes - Treatment: Penicillin and careful cleaning |
|
|
What is Necrotizing Fasciitis?
|
- Flesh-eating strep
- Pain & swelling - Muscle is digested by the bacteria - Caused by S. pyogenes - Difficult to diagnose in early stages - symptoms are flu-like - Penicillin and clindamycin |
|
|
What is Acne?
|
- whiteheads and blackheads
- excessive sebum production - Etiological agent: Propionibacterium ances - Gram+ diphtheroids - Treated w/antimicrobial drugs and exfoliation - Accutane: for cystic acne - New blue lightwave treatment |
|
|
What are the three types of Anthrax?
|
- Cutaneous (most common)
- Gastrointestinal (rare) - Inhaled (most lethal) |
|
|
What is Cutaneous Anthrax?
|
- Lesion that forms an eschar
- Caused by Bacillus Anthracis - Gram+ endospores - Entry through direct contact - Bacteria shed by animal - Treatment: Ciprofloxacin - Inhibits DNA gyrase |
|
|
What are the Measles?
|
- Viral disease of the skin
- Fever, cough, rash, 7-10 days - Caused by Morbillivirus, ssRNA paramyxovirus - No treatment available - Vaccine is available |
|
|
What are the German Measles (rubella?)
|
- Viral infection of the skin
- Rash, swollen lymph nodes, lasts 7-14 days - Caused by Rubivirus; ssRNA paramyxovirus - Can cause birth defects - No treatment available - Vaccine is available |
|
|
What are Chicken Pox and Shingles?
|
- Virus of the skin
- rash; lasts 2-3 weeks - Caused by Varicellovirus; dsDNA herpes virus - No treatment; vaccine avail. |
|
|
What was Smallpox?
|
- 1st human disease eradicated
- Rash develops into papules, vesicles, then pustules - Lasts 12-14 days - Caused by Orthopoxvirus - Treatment: immediate vaccination; preventative vaccinations discontinued in 1972 |
|
|
What are types of Fungal Mycoses?
|
- Superficial: limited to dermis
- Subcutaneous: under skin - Systemic: internal organs |
|
|
What are Dermatophytes?
|
- Diseases of the skin, hair, and nails (Ringworm, etc)
- Treatment: - skin: antifungal agents like miconazole or nystatin - refractory lesions: oral treatment - Hair/nails: systemic oral therapy |
|
|
What is Leishmaniasis?
|
- Parasitic Skin disease
- Cutaneous: lesions - Mucocutaneous: includes mucous membranes - Visceral: Parasite spread by microphages can cause death - Endemic to tropics - Caused by Leishmania (protozoan) in sand flies - Most heal w/o treatment |
