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14 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Hyaluronidase
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breaks down polysaccharide that glues host cells together
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Collagenase
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Break down collagen in connective tissue
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Streptokinase
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Destroys fibrin of blood clots
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Coagulase
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Works by causing blood to clot; prevents access by host immune cells
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Elastase
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Breaks down host cell membranes
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Cytolytic Toxins
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degrade host cell membranes causing lysis
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AB Toxins
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consist of two subunits: B binds to the host cell and A crosses into cell
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Superantigens
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Hyperstimulate immune cells leading to tissue inflammation and damage
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Exotoxin routes into host cells
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1. Direct ingestion of exotoxin (contaminated food)
2. Colonization of mucosal surface followed by production of exotoxin 3. Colonization of wound followed by local exotoxin production |
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Exotoxins
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Bacterially-produced toxins that are usually small proteins that are released into cell surroundings (extracellular toxins)
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Leukocidins
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Active against white blood cells thus decreasing the host immunity
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Lecithinases and phospholipases
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attack phospholipid in host cell membranes
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Hemolysins
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originally discovered because of lysis of red blood cells, but also work on other cell types; distinctive clear zones around colonies on a blood agar plate
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Diphtheria Toxin
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-First exotoxin discovered
-Extremely cytotoxic-only one toxin molecule kills one cell |
