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23 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Autoimmune regulator
Gene product of this is a transcription factor in charge of self-Ag expression in thymus. Goes into nucleus, starts transcription of lots of proteins that can be exposed to immune T cells. |
AIRE
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Inactivates self-reacting T cells
They recognize self antigen with low affinity Secretion of cytokines such as TGF-B and IL-10 |
Treg
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Competes with CD28 to bind to B7 to block activation of T cells.
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CTLA-4
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Critical transcription factor to control Treg
Mutation causes IPEX, a systemic multi-organ autoimmune disease |
FoxP3
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IL-2 receptor
Controls autoreactive lymhocytes that would otherwise attack self-tissues. Present on T cells that have seen self antigens and become regulatory cells |
CD 25
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Anergy vs. ignorance
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Anergy: no activation bc lack of second signal, recognizes self-antigen but shuts it down so it can't react
Ignorance: ignored by lymphocytes, but the lymphocytes are capable of responding to the same antigen in an immunogenic form. |
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Common mechanism to induce apoptosis
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When T cells are repeatedly exposed to self antigens-->induces expression of Fas/FasL and pre-apoptotic proteins
Mutations to Fas cause autoimmune lymphoproliferatiive syndrome with accumulation of lymphocytes |
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Target: myelin basic protein, causes: brain degeneration & paralysis
Effector: autoreactive CD4+ Th1, macrophage, and IFN-gamma |
MS, T-mediated autoimmunity
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Target: beta cells
Causes: diabetes Effector: CTL, cytokine, autoantibody |
IDDM
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Target: gluten-modified enterocyte
Autoantigen: TTG so anti-TTG is used to clincially diagnose Effector: T cell |
Celiac Disease
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Target: anti-IgG in synovial joints
Causes: systemic arthritis Effectors: "angry mix" of autoantibody & complex, lymphocytes, macrophages, PMN infiltration, cytokines such as TNF, IL-8 and IL-1, complement |
RA
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Complex-mediated autoimmune disease.
Target: DNA, nucleoproteins, histones causes: nephritis, arthritis, and vasculities effectors: autoantibody against dsDNA, immune complex deposited on tissue, and CD4+ Th1 and macrophages are recruited to the site and cause tissue damage |
SLE (lupus)
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Which type of MHC is more associated with autoimmune disease?
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MHC II associated with celiac disease, RA, type I diabetes, MS, and Myasthenia gravis
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Autoimmune diseases associated with MHC I and HLA allele
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B27 involved in ankylosing spondylitis, acute anterior uveithis, Reiter syndrom, and reactive arthritis
Graves with HLA allele B8 |
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Similarities between Myasthenia gravis and Graves?
differences? |
Both Ab-mediated autoimmunity and Type II hypersensitivity
Myasthenia graves blocks Ach receptors causing muscle paralysis Graves binds to TSH receptors of thyroid glands (hyperthyroidism) |
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Autoimmune disease due to reaction to rh antigen on RBC
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Hemolytic anemia causing anemila
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Autoimmune disease due to reaction to college type IV
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Goodpasture's syndrome causing nephritis, lung hemorrhage
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Autoimmune disease due to reaction to myelin
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Guillain-Barre syndrome causing acute paralysis
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Disease where there is an autoantibody against IgG
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Rheumatoid Factor
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Myelin basic protein and proteolipid protein are autoantigens
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Cause of MS
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Chronic inflammatory destruction of pancreatic beta-islet cells
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IDDM
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Autoantigen is Tissue TransGlutaminase (TTG)
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Celiac Disease
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Streptoccus antigen, antibody cross reacts with myocardial antigen
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Rheumatic fever
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